Ethics in AI and Healthcare Lecture 10 G2

In a healthcare setting, Evelyn is concerned about the decisions made by an AI system that analyzes patient data but does not explain how it arrives at its conclusions. Which ethical principle is most directly challenged by AI's "black box" nature in healthcare decision-making?

• Beneficence

• Transparency

• Autonomy

• Non-Maleficence

In the context of data privacy, what is the primary legal conflict between GDPR and HIPAA as Evelyn navigates her new role in a healthcare startup?

• Different data encryption standards

• Varying levels of data breach penalties

• Discrepancies in data ownership and patient consent requirements

• Approaches to patient identification

Which ethical consideration would be violated if AI decision-making overrules Emma's preferences without explanation?

• Justice

• Autonomy

• Efficiency

• Equity

How does the digital divide create an ethical dilemma in health technology deployment, particularly for students like Nora and Benjamin who come from different socioeconomic backgrounds?

• It creates uniform access to technology

• It violates principles of beneficence by excluding vulnerable populations

• It helps identify specific user groups

• It makes health technology cheaper

In a scenario where an AI algorithm fails to identify a cancer type in a minority group, such as Abigail's community, due to biased training data, which ethical principle is violated?

• Non-Maleficence

• Beneficence

• Justice

• Autonomy

In a recent study, Zoe discovered that AI systems used in hospitals sometimes make biased decisions regarding patient care. This has raised concerns about the implications of such biases in healthcare. Which of the following is a social implication of AI decision-making bias in healthcare?

• Improved public trust

• Exacerbation of existing healthcare disparities

• Enhanced training for healthcare workers

• Increased financial profits for hospitals

In a hospital setting, Sophia argues that AI should not be given full decision-making authority in patient care. Which concept underlies her argument?

• Autonomy and accountability

• Non-Maleficence and marketing

• Beneficence and interoperability

• Digital marketing and privacy

How can ethical AI principles like "explainability" and "fairness" help mitigate ethical concerns in healthcare AI deployment, particularly in a scenario where Aiden is a patient receiving treatment based on AI recommendations?

• By making AI fully autonomous

• By ensuring that patients and clinicians understand the decisions made by AI systems and that outcomes are not biased

• By reducing the cost of healthcare

• By making AI replace doctors completely

What does the principle of "justice" imply in the context of health technology distribution, as discussed by Jackson and Oliver in their health class?

• Equal distribution of technology regardless of income, race, or geographic location

• Exclusive rights for high-income individuals

• Fast implementation in urban areas only

• Technology prioritization based on economic profitability

Why is the concept of "patient consent" complicated in digital health technologies?

• Patients are usually disinterested

• Digital data-sharing agreements are complex and often lack clear guidelines for patients

• Consent is given automatically

• There are no regulations for consent in healthcare