Unit 1- Ecology Review

Some organisms, called ___________, get energy by eating other living things.

• producers

• consumers

• decomposers

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An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:

• Autotroph
• Producer
• Consumer
• Mutualist

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What does a food web represent?

• All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
• The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
• A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
• How carnivores get their food. 

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

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The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:

• Decomposer
• Producer
• Secondary Consumer
• Primary Consumer

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

In this Food Web Pyramid Which type of consumer gets only 10% of the energy stored in plants?

• Herbivore
• Carnivore
• Omnivore
• Secondary Consumer

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The amount of energy that usually transfers from one trophic level to the next...

• 10%
• 20%
• 80%
• 50%

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.

• commensalism
• mutualism
• parasitism
• predation

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What type of symbiosis?  Skunks often live in burrows that have been dug and abandoned by woodchucks.  

• commensalism
• mutualism
• parasitism
• predation

Aphids are tiny insects that live on and eat the leaves of plants, removing vital nutrients from the plants.

• Predation

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

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Leaf-cutter ants harvest leaves and carry them to fungi that convert plant material into a usable form for the ants to digest. The fungi depend on the leaves for nutrients. The ants also produce an antibiotic on their bodies that helps protect the fungi from harmful bacteria. Which of these explains the relationship between the leaf-cutter ants and the fungi?

• Predation, because the ants feed on the fungi 

• Mutualism, because both the ants and the fungi benefit from each other 

• Competition, because both organisms consume the same resource for energy

• Commensalism, because the ants receive energy from the fungi and the fungi are unaffected

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2