Review Questions from Checkpoints

1. Many amusement parks have roller coasters such as the one shown in the illustration. When a roller coaster reaches the top of a hill, its energy is mainly in the form of ---

• Elastic potential energy
• Chemical potential energy
• Gravitational potential energy
• kinetic energy

2. All of these are an example of a physical change except for?

• A pot of water boiling
• Shredding paper
• touching a battery to steel wool
• Sugar dissolving in tea

3. The image shows a roller coaster cart moving along a track. In which location is the potential energy greater than the kinetic energy?

• Location X
• Location Y
• Both Locations
• None of the above

4. A book is resting on a table. Which of the following forces is NOT acting on the book?

• magnetism
• friction
• gravity
• normal force

5. Action forces and reaction forces always occur together. Which of the following is an example of an action-reaction force pair?

• A swimmer pushes the water backward and the water flows over the swimmer.
• A bird flies by moving their wings and the feathers move in the wind.
• The tires on a car push against the road and the road pushes back on the tires.
• A person is pushing on a rock and the rock does not move.

6. A hydroelectric power plant is a facility that generates electricity by harnessing the energy of flowing or falling water. The illustration shows one with the water flowing through the plant. In a hydroelectric power plant, the potential energy of stored water at a higher elevation is transformed into---

• Gravitational potential energy
• Elastic potential energy
• Electrical energy
• Heat energy

7. A student mixes a solid with a liquid in a beaker. Which of the following describes a chemical change?

• The liquid begins to heat up and a gas is formed.
• The solid dissolves into the liquid.
• The solid falls to the bottom of the beaker.
• Nothing happens.

8. The pictures above show a blue liquid being added to a clear liquid. Which is the best evidence that a chemical reaction may have occurred?

• The solution turned light blue.
• The temperature remained the same.
• Solid particles formed.
• The volume increased.

9. Which of these is an example of a chemical change?

• A pot of water boiling
• An iron nail rusting
• Shredding paper
• Sugar dissolving in tea

10. Matter exists in one of three states, solid, liquid, or gas. Which of the following best describes the structure of a liquid?

• Particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place.
• Particles move freely and are widely spaced apart.
• Particles slide past one another but remain close together.
• Particles move rapidly in all directions.