DNA Transcription and Translation

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Front

What is DNA transcription?

Back

DNA transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What is the role of rRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) forms the core of the ribosome's structure and catalyzes protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that is complementary to a codon in mRNA.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the significance of the stop codon?

Back

Stop codons signal the termination of protein synthesis and do not code for any amino acid.