Understanding the Dual Systems Model

What does the term "dual systems model" mean in the context of the text? Be sure to review the text for evidence of your answers.

• A model comparing adult and teenage brains.

• A theory involving two brain regions that influence behavior.

• A method for scanning brains at different ages.

• A model showing how risks affect emotions.

Which statement best summarizes the dual systems model described in the text? Be sure to review the text for evidence of your answers.

• It explains how the prefrontal cortex matures faster than the limbic system.

• It shows that brain maturity has no effect on behavior.

• It explains why the limbic system matures earlier than the prefrontal cortex, leading to risky behavior.

• It suggests that adults are more sensitive to rewards than teenagers.

How does the text develop the idea that teenagers' brains make them more likely to take risks? Be sure to review the text for evidence of your answers.

• By describing the dual systems model and its supporting evidence.

• By giving examples of risky behavior in teenagers.

• By comparing teenagers' brains to adults' brains in specific situations.

• By showing how Mills and Goddings measured brain growth.

What is the meaning of "impulses" as used in the text? Be sure to review the text for evidence of your answers.

• Quick reactions

• Complex decisions

• Careful thoughts

• Sudden desires to act

What is the purpose of the section describing Mills and Goddings' research?

• To disprove the dual systems model.

• To provide evidence supporting Steinberg’s ideas.

• To show how brain scans are conducted.

• To introduce new theories about teenage brains.

What is the main reason Steinberg believes teenagers are naturally more likely to take risks than adults?

• They have less life experience.

• They are trying to prove themselves.

• Their brains are still developing.

• They don't fear punishment.

Why does the author include information about gray matter?

• To explain how scientists measure brain development.

• To show why teenagers are more emotional than adults.

• To highlight the challenges of analyzing brain scans.

• To demonstrate the importance of the limbic system in decision-making.

How does the final paragraph contribute to the text?

• It introduces new findings about adult brain scans.

• It confirms earlier ideas about the limbic system's maturity.

• It refutes the idea that teenagers are impulsive.

• It proposes an alternative to the dual systems model.

What is one claim the text makes about the limbic system?

• It matures at the same rate as the prefrontal cortex.

• It drives risky behavior because it responds strongly to rewards.

• It becomes less important as teenagers grow older.

• It is unrelated to teenagers’ emotions.

What does "localized function" mean in the text?

• The brain works as a whole unit.

• Brain functions are random and disorganized.

• The brain cannot function without all its parts working together.

• Specific parts of the brain control specific actions or thoughts.