AP Bio Midterm Review

Cytosine to Guanine has

• 2 hydrogen bonds

• 3 hydrogen bonds

• 1 hydrogen bond

• 4 hydrogen bonds

Adenine to Thymine has

• 2 hydrogen bonds

• 3 hydrogen bonds

• 1 hydrogen bond

• 4 hydrogen bonds

Cytosine bonds with

• guanine through a covalent bond

• guanine through a hydrogen bond

• cytosine through a hydrogen bound

• guanine through an ionic bond

thymine bonds with

• uracil through a covalent bond

• adenine through a hydrogen bond

• cytosine through a hydrogen bound

• adenine through an ionic bond

How does hydrogen bonding contribute to the unique properties of water?

• Hydrogen bonding creates cohesive forces between water molecules, resulting in unique properties such as high surface tension, high boiling point, and the ability to dissolve many substances.

• Hydrogen bonding decreases the boiling point of water.

• Hydrogen bonding increases the density of water.

• Hydrogen bonding makes water less cohesive.

Define cohesion and adhesion and provide examples of each.

• Cohesion: Water molecules sticking together. Adhesion: Water molecules sticking to the surface of a plant leaf.

• Cohesion: Water molecules sticking to the surface of a plant leaf. Adhesion: Water molecules sticking together.

• Cohesion: Water molecules sticking together. Adhesion: Water molecules sticking to the surface of a glass.

• Cohesion: Water molecules sticking to the surface of a rock. Adhesion: Water molecules sticking together.

Which of the following functional groups is found in all amino acids?

• Amino

• Carboxyl

• Hydroxyl

• Sulfhydryl

What is the structure of the phospholipid bilayer?

• The phospholipid bilayer consists of a triple layer of phospholipid molecules.

• The phospholipid bilayer consists of a layer of protein molecules.

• The phospholipid bilayer consists of a double layer of phospholipid molecules.

• The phospholipid bilayer consists of a single layer of phospholipid molecules.

What is the function of membrane proteins in the phospholipid bilayer?

• Membrane proteins are only present in the outer layer of the bilayer

• Membrane proteins have no function in the phospholipid bilayer

• Membrane proteins are responsible for the formation of the bilayer

• Membrane proteins serve various functions such as transport, signaling, enzymatic activity, and adhesion.

Which of the following describes the process involved in metabolizing carbohydrates?

• During hydrolysis a water molecule is added to break the bond between the monosaccharide and polysaccharide chain

• During hydrolysis a water molecule is removed to break the bond between the monosaccharide and polysaccharide chain

• During dehydration synthesis a water molecule is removed to break the bond between the monosaccharide and polysaccharide chain

• During dehydration synthesis a water molecule is added to break the bond between the monosaccharide and polysaccharide chain