Introduction to Genetics

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What is genetics?

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Genetics is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.

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What is a genetic disorder?

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A genetic disorder is a disease caused by an abnormality in an individual's DNA, often inherited from parents.

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What is sickle cell anemia?

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Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder that affects hemoglobin, causing red blood cells to become misshapen and leading to various health issues.

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How does sickle cell anemia provide protection against malaria?

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Individuals with sickle cell trait have a higher resistance to malaria because the malaria parasite cannot thrive in sickle-shaped red blood cells.

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What is X-linked recessive inheritance?

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X-linked recessive inheritance is a mode of genetic inheritance where a gene causing the trait or disorder is located on the X chromosome.

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In X-linked recessive inheritance, who is more likely to be affected, males or females?

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Males are more likely to be affected because they have only one X chromosome.

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What are the possible blood types a person with AB blood can receive?

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A person with AB blood can receive blood from any type: A, B, AB, or O.

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What is co-dominance in genetics?

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Co-dominance is a form of inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygous organism are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits.

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What is incomplete dominance?

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Incomplete dominance is a genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, resulting in a new phenotype.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment.