the Quick refresher

John Locke believed. . . .

• all people had natural rights to life, liberty, and property

• only men had natural rights to life, liberty, and property

• only a single, strong leader was needed for a nation

• governments exist to protect the rights of citizens

• citizens should obey their government without question

Who came up with the idea of three separate branches and a separation of powers?

• Charles-Louis Montesquieu

• John Locke

• John Adams

• the Framers of the Constitution

• the Founding Fathers

What effect did individual state constitutions and the Articles of Confederation have on the Founding Fathers?

• The documents showed the importance of voting rights for citizens.

• The documents provided experience with formal government systems

• The documents showed the problems that come from a strong central government.

• The documents demonstrated that the states were capable of governing themselves.

The English Bill of Rights influenced the U.S. government with its emphasis on

• Powers granted to a king

• Elections and fair trials

• freedom of speech

• benefits of public property

What essential idea in the Magna Carta influenced the U.S. government?

• People have basic rights.

• Property should be equally distributed.

• Government should have three branches.

• Every citizen is entitled to vote.

Montesquieu’s idea of separation of powers kept one person or group of people from gaining too much power by

• supporting a free and fair economy within the nation.

• dividing power among three branches of government

• separating powers between the central and state governments

• clarifying that government is a contract between the ruler and the ruled.

a government in which citizens rule themselves through elected representatives

• republic

• dictatorship

• Magna Carta

• English Bill of Rights

• separation of powers

a government of which one person or a very small group of people hold complete authority

• republic

• dictatorship

• Magna Carta

• English Bill of Rights

• separation of powers

stated that English nobles had certain rights and that the leaders (kings/queens) had to obey the laws

• republic

• dictatorship

• Magna Carta

• English Bill of Rights

• separation of powers

an economic system in which businesses compete freely with little government control

• civic

• monarchy

• Magna Carta

• free enterprise

• separation of powers