Protein Synthesis and Mutations 2024

Front

What are proteins made of?

Back

Proteins are made of amino acids, which are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins.

Front

What is the amino acid sequence for the DNA template TAC-CCC-GTA-ATC?

Back

The amino acid sequence is MET-GLY-HIS-STOP.

Front

Why does DNA need to be replicated before the cell divides?

Back

DNA needs to be replicated so that every new cell has a complete set of chromosomes (DNA).

Front

What are the monomers of DNA?

Back

The monomers of DNA are nucleotides.

Front

What determines the code of a DNA molecule?

Back

The code of a DNA molecule is determined by the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What role do ribosomes play in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes read mRNA sequences to assemble amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.