Understanding Hydrocarbons and Their Names

What is the general formula for alkanes?

• CnH(2n-2)

• C(n-1)H(2n+1)

• CnH(2n+2)

• CnH2n

Name the first three alkanes and their IUPAC names.

• Hexane (C6)

• Methane (C1), Ethane (C2), Propane (C3)

• Pentane (C5)

• Butane (C4)

What is the difference between alkenes and alkanes?

• Alkenes are always cyclic; alkanes are always linear.

• Alkenes are saturated; alkanes are unsaturated.

• Alkenes have fewer hydrogen atoms than alkanes.

• Alkenes contain double bonds; alkanes contain only single bonds.

Provide the IUPAC name for the alkene with the formula C3H6.

• Cyclopropene

• Ethylene

• Butene

• Propene

What is the general formula for alkynes?

• C_nH_(2n-2)

• C_nH_(n-1)

• C_nH_(2n+2)

• C_nH_(2n)

Name the first three alkynes and their IUPAC names.

• Methane

• Hexyne

• Pentane

• Ethyne, Propyne, Butyne

What is a cyclic hydrocarbon? Give an example.

• Benzene

• Cyclohexane

• Cyclopentane

• Hexane

How do you name a cyclic alkane?

• Name it based on the longest carbon chain only.

• Add 'cyclic-' before the alkane name.

• Use 'cyclo-' prefix followed by the alkane name based on carbon count.

• Use 'alkane-' prefix followed by the cyclo name.

What is a functional group in hydrocarbons?

• A functional group is a specific group of atoms that determines the chemical properties of hydrocarbons.

• A functional group is a hydrocarbon's physical state.

• A functional group is a single atom in hydrocarbons.

• A functional group is a type of hydrocarbon molecule.

Identify the functional group in alcohols.

• Carbonyl group (C=O)

• Amino group (-NH2)

• Carboxyl group (-COOH)

• Hydroxyl group (-OH)