Which of the following is a macronutrient essential for athletes?

• Vitamins

• Proteins

• Minerals

• Water

Answer explanation

Proteins are a macronutrient essential for athletes as they help in muscle repair and growth, making them crucial for recovery and performance. Vitamins and minerals are important but are not classified as macronutrients.

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in an athlete's diet?

• Build muscle

• Provide energy

• Repair tissues

• Hydrate the body

Answer explanation

The primary function of carbohydrates in an athlete's diet is to provide energy. They are the body's main source of fuel, especially during high-intensity exercise, making them essential for optimal performance.

Which component of fitness is most important for a marathon runner?

• Flexibility

• Muscular strength

• Cardiovascular endurance

• Agility

Answer explanation

Cardiovascular endurance is crucial for marathon runners as it enables them to sustain prolonged physical activity. This component allows for efficient oxygen delivery to muscles, which is essential for completing long-distance races.

What does the sit and reach test measure?

• Muscular strength

• Flexibility

• Speed

• Balance

Answer explanation

The sit and reach test specifically measures flexibility, particularly in the lower back and hamstring muscles. It assesses how far a person can reach forward while sitting, indicating their overall flexibility.

Which principle of training involves gradually increasing the amount of exercise?

• Specificity

• Overload

• Reversibility

• Tedium

Answer explanation

The principle of overload involves gradually increasing the amount of exercise to improve fitness. This means pushing the body beyond its current limits, which is essential for progress in training.

What is the first stage of a warm-up?

• Static stretching

• Dynamic stretching

• Pulse raiser

• Skill rehearsal

Answer explanation

The first stage of a warm-up is the pulse raiser, which increases heart rate and blood flow to muscles, preparing the body for more intense activity. This is essential before moving on to stretching or skill rehearsal.

Which of the following is a method to prevent sports injuries?

• Ignoring pain

• Wearing appropriate footwear

• Skipping warm-up

• Overtraining

Answer explanation

Wearing appropriate footwear helps provide support and stability, reducing the risk of injuries. In contrast, ignoring pain, skipping warm-ups, and overtraining can increase the likelihood of injuries.

What is the main function of the skeletal system?

• Produce hormones

• Store energy

• Provide structure and support

• Regulate body temperature

Answer explanation

The main function of the skeletal system is to provide structure and support to the body. It forms the framework that supports the body's shape and protects vital organs.

In which plane of motion does a bicep curl occur?

• Frontal plane

• Sagittal plane

• Transverse plane

• Horizontal plane

Answer explanation

A bicep curl primarily involves flexion and extension of the elbow joint, which occurs in the sagittal plane. This plane divides the body into left and right halves, making it the correct choice for this movement.

What is the role of the fulcrum in a lever system?

• Provides resistance

• Acts as the pivot point

• Applies effort

• Increases speed

Answer explanation

The fulcrum in a lever system acts as the pivot point around which the lever rotates. It is essential for balancing the lever and enabling the application of force, making it crucial for the lever's function.