Basic Chemistry and Macromolecule Test

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What is a simple carbohydrate?

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A simple carbohydrate is a type of carbohydrate that consists of one or two sugar molecules, such as glucose (1 sugar) or sucrose (2 sugars).

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What is the role of the periodic table in chemistry?

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The periodic table organizes all known chemical elements based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties, allowing for easy identification and comparison.

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What is a protein monomer?

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A protein monomer is an amino acid, which is the building block of proteins. Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids linked together.

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What is hydrolysis?

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Hydrolysis is a chemical process that involves the addition of water to break down macromolecules into their smaller components, such as breaking down proteins into amino acids.

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What essential element is life composed of?

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Carbon is the essential element that forms the backbone of organic molecules, making it fundamental to all known life.

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What are macromolecules?

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Macromolecules are large, complex molecules that are essential for life, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

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What is the difference between monosaccharides and polysaccharides?

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Monosaccharides are single sugar molecules (e.g., glucose), while polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides (e.g., starch, glycogen).

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What is the function of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

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Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

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What is the significance of the carbon atom in organic chemistry?

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The carbon atom can form four covalent bonds, allowing it to create a wide variety of complex molecules essential for life.

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What is dehydration synthesis?

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Dehydration synthesis is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of water to join two molecules together, forming larger macromolecules.