Significance Tests

Front

What is the symbol for the significance level?

Back

The symbol for the significance level is α (alpha).

Front

What do we call the probability we choose as the cutoff for what is small?

Back

This is called the significance level.

Front

What does a p-value of 0.1317 indicate when α = 0.05?

Back

Since our p-value of 0.1317 is > α, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. We do not have convincing evidence that the pineapples are larger.

Front

What are the null and alternative hypotheses for a drying method that aims to reduce cracks from 16%?

Back

Ho: p = 0.16; Ha: p < 0.16.

Front

What does the null hypothesis always contain?

Back

The null hypothesis always contains an equality (=).

Front

Define a significance test.

Back

A significance test is a statistical method used to determine if there is enough evidence to reject a null hypothesis.

Front

What is a p-value?

Back

A p-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

Front

What does it mean to reject the null hypothesis?

Back

Rejecting the null hypothesis means that there is sufficient evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.

Front

What is the purpose of a hypothesis test?

Back

The purpose of a hypothesis test is to make a decision about the validity of a claim based on sample data.

Front

What is the difference between a one-tailed and a two-tailed test?

Back

A one-tailed test checks for the possibility of the relationship in one direction, while a two-tailed test checks for the possibility in both directions.