Consonants

Affricates begin as fricatives and end as plosives

• True

• False

Answer explanation

The affricate consonants start as stops/ploisives with air building up behind an articulator which then ends as a fricative.

2. Fricatives are characterized by a hissing sound. 

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Fricative sounds involve only a partial blockage of the vocal tract so that air has to be forced through a narrow channel, making a friction noise.

Palato-alveolar consonants involve the tip of the tongue palate

• True

• False

Answer explanation

The tip and blade of the tongue articulate with the back part of the alveolar ridge (teeth-ridge)

Plosives are continuants

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Fricatives are continuant consonants

The final consonant sound in 'laugh' is a

• Labio-dental

• Glottal

• Velar

• Bilabial

Answer explanation

• - Laugh /la:f/

• - We have two oral labio-dental consonants in English: /f/ and /v/

Which has a Palato-alveolar?

• Book

• Sound

• Measure

• Listen

Answer explanation

• - Book /bʊk/

• - Sound /saʊnd/

  • - Measure /ˈmeʒ.ɚ/

  • - Listen /ˈlɪs.ən/

  • - We have 5 palato-aveolar:/r/, /ʃ/ and /ʒ/, /tʃ/ and /ʤ/

The difference between /p/ and /t/ is

• Voicing

• Place of articulation

• Manner of articulation

• Position of soft palate

Answer explanation

Which word contains an affricate?

• Tip

• Job

• Back

• Teeth

Answer explanation

• - Tip /tɪp/

• - Job /dʒɑːb/

• - Back /bæk/

  • - Teeth /tiːθ/

  • - We have 2 affricates: /tʃ/ and /ʤ/ (palato-alveolar)

Which word does not have a fricative?

• Should

• Map

• Hot

• Flower

Answer explanation

• - Should /ʃʊd/ or /ʃəd/

• - Map /mæp/

• - Hot /hɑːt/

• - Flower /ˈflaʊ.ɚ/

• - Fricatives are continuant consonants: /p/ and /b/ (bilabial),  /t/ and /d/ (alveolar),  /k/ and /g/ (velar), /f/and /v/ (labiodental),  /θ/ and /ð/ (dental),  /s/ and /z/ (alveolar),  /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ (post-alveolar), /h/(glottal)

Which has a Glottal?

• Hour

• Honest

• Honor

• Hospital

Answer explanation

1. - Hour /aʊr/ or /aʊər/

2. - Honest /ˈɒn.ɪst/ or /ˈɑː.nɪst/

3. - Honor /ˈɒn.ər/ or /ˈɑː.nɚ/

4. - Hospital /ˈhɒs.pɪ.təl/ or /ˈhɑː.spɪ.t̬əl/

5. - We have one glottal consonant: /h/