HW 5.4: Internal Energy & Specific Heat Capacity

What is internal energy in a substance or system?

• Energy stored in gravitational fields

• Total energy stored by particles, including potential and kinetic energy

• Only the kinetic energy of particles

• The energy lost to the surroundings

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

What happens to the internal energy of a substance when it is heated?

• It decreases because potential energy decreases

• It increases because kinetic energy of particles increases

• It decreases because temperature decreases

• It increases because energy is stored as potential energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

How is temperature related to internal energy?

• Temperature measures the potential energy of a substance

• Temperature measures the average internal energy of a substance

• Temperature is unrelated to internal energy

• Temperature depends only on the mass of a substance

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

What is specific heat capacity?

• The energy needed to heat 1 kg of a substance by 1°C

• The amount of energy lost by a substance when it freezes

• The energy needed to boil a substance

• The total energy stored in a substance

Which substance requires the most energy to increase its temperature by 1°C for 1 kg?

• Mercury

• Water

• Air

• Glass

What is the specific heat capacity of water?

• 139 J/kg°C

• 4,200 J/kg°C

• 2,600 J/kg°C

• 1,500 J/kg°C

What is the equation for change in internal energy?

• E=m+c+ΔT

• E=m ⋅ c ⋅ ΔT

• E=c/m ⋅ ΔT

• E=m/c ⋅ ΔT

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

If 800 g of water is heated with 20,000 J of energy, what is the temperature change?

• 2.5°C

• 5.95°C

• 10°C

• 8.0°C

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

What is the final temperature of water initially at 20°C after a temperature change of 5.95°C?

• 24.0°C

• 25.95°C

• 26.5°C

• 22.0°C

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

What precautions are necessary in a classroom experiment to measure temperature changes accurately?

• Use a thermometer with a wide range

• Ensure energy is lost to the surroundings

• Use a lid and insulate the system well to avoid energy loss to surroundings

• Avoid using any specific heat capacity calculations

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4