World History SEM 1 Final

Which of the following best describes feudalism?

• A centralized system of government led by a divine monarch

• A medieval social system based on land ownership and loyalty

• A democratic system with elected officials

• A market-based economy with free trade

Who was known as the "Sun King" and built the Palace of Versailles?

• Philip II

• Peter the Great

• Louis XIV

• Napoleon Bonaparte

Which Enlightenment thinker argued for natural rights such as life, liberty, and property?

• Montesquieu

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

What was the primary cause of the American Revolution?

• Social inequality and poor harvests

• High taxation without representation

• Discontent among the clergy and nobility

• Industrialization and labor disputes

What document declared that "all men are born free and equal in rights"?

• Magna Carta

• Declaration of Independence

• Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

• English Bill of Rights

The Industrial Revolution began in which country?

• France

• Germany

• Great Britain

• United States

What invention by James Watt significantly advanced the Industrial Revolution?

• The Spinning Jenny

• The steam engine

• The telephone

• The light bulb

Urbanization during the Industrial Revolution often led to:

• Improved living conditions for all

• A decrease in pollution

• Overcrowded tenements and poor sanitation

• A return to rural farming practices

Match the following

• A person granted land in exchange for lo

• Factory System

• A system where kings held complete and u

• Absolute Monarchy

• A system where goods were produced in la

• Vassal

• An agreement where people give up some f

• Reign of Terror

• A period of violence during the French R

• Social Contract

Explain two key reasons why feudalism declined and absolute monarchies rose in Europe.

Answer explanation

Kings relied less on lords for military support due to professional armies.

Economic shifts, including urbanization and the decline of serfdom, weakened the feudal system.