Understanding Electric Flux and Gauss's Law

What is the definition of electric flux?

• Electric flux is the total resistance in an electrical circuit.

• Electric flux is the flow of electric current through a conductor.

• Electric flux is the measure of electric charge in a circuit.

• Electric flux is the product of the electric field and the area through which it passes, considering the angle between them.

State Gauss's Law in your own words.

• The total charge inside a closed surface is equal to the electric flux through it.

• The electric field inside a closed surface is always zero.

• The electric flux is proportional to the area of the closed surface.

• The total electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the enclosed charge divided by the permittivity of free space.

How does electric flux relate to the electric field?

• Electric flux is independent of the electric field.

• Electric flux is proportional to the electric field and the area through which it passes.

• Electric flux is inversely proportional to the electric field.

• Electric flux is only affected by temperature.

Calculate the electric flux through a surface of area 2 m² in a uniform electric field of 5 N/C.

• 15 N·m²/C

• 10 N·m²/C

• 20 N·m²/C

• 5 N·m²/C

What is the unit of electric flux?

• joule per volt (J/V)

• coulomb-meter (C·m)

• ampere-square meter (A·m²)

• volt-meter (V·m) or newton-meter squared per coulomb (N·m²/C)

Explain how Gauss's Law can be used to find the electric field of a charged sphere.

• The electric field outside a charged sphere is constant and equal to $ \frac{Q}{4\pi\epsilon_0} $.

• Gauss's Law states that the electric field is zero everywhere around a charged sphere.

• The electric field outside a charged sphere is given by \( E = \frac{Q}{4\pi\epsilon_0 r^2} \) for \( r > R \) and \( E = 0 \) for \( r < R \).

• The electric field inside a charged sphere is given by $ E = \frac{Q}{4\pi\epsilon_0 R^2} $ for $ r < R $.

If a point charge of +3 μC is placed at the center of a spherical surface of radius 0.5 m, what is the electric flux through the surface?

• 1.00 x 10^5 N·m²/C

• 2.00 x 10^5 N·m²/C

• 3.39 x 10^5 N·m²/C

• 4.00 x 10^5 N·m²/C

Describe a scenario where Gauss's Law is not applicable.

• A point charge in a vacuum.

• A charged conductor in electrostatic equilibrium.

• A point charge in a non-uniform medium.

• A uniform electric field in free space.

How does the orientation of a surface affect the electric flux through it?

• The orientation of a surface has no effect on electric flux.

• Electric flux is only determined by the surface area, not its orientation.

• Changing the orientation of a surface increases the electric field strength.

• The orientation of a surface affects the electric flux by changing the angle between the electric field and the surface normal, which alters the value of the flux.

Calculate the electric flux through a cube with a side length of 1 m in a uniform electric field of 10 N/C directed perpendicular to one face.

• 10 N·m²/C

• 15 N·m²/C

• 20 N·m²/C

• 5 N·m²/C