Sociology Quiz #1 Review

What is one of the main points about human reasoning that sociology challenges?

• Human actions are biologically determined.
• The things we see as natural are often socially constructed.
• Biological characteristics solely shape human behavior.
• Human behavior is random and unpredictable.

Which of the following is one of the main purposes of sociology?

• To prove that all human behavior is biologically driven.
• To dismiss the role of biology in human behavior.
• To explore the interactions between biology and social constructions.
• To show that biological differences are irrelevant to understanding human behavior.

Which explanation of social order is based on the idea that students act in their self-interest to achieve personal goals?

• Norms and socialization
• Beliefs and values
• Rational self-interest and incentives
• Social disruptions

Why do sociologists consider multiple factors when explaining social order in a classroom?

• Sociologists reject all singular explanations for behavior.
• Social order is complex and can be influenced by a combination of self-interest, norms, and values.
• Theories of self-interest are not relevant to classroom behavior.
• Sociologists focus only on norms to explain human behavior.

What is one key idea of a deterministic framework in sociology?

• Individuals have full control over their life outcomes.
• Social roles, gender, race, and class significantly shape life outcomes.
• Hard work alone determines an individual’s success.
• College education guarantees high income for everyone.

What did the 2002 study by Alan Krueger and Stacy Dale suggest about the income of Ivy League graduates compared to state-level college graduates?

• Ivy League graduates earned much higher salaries.
• State-level college graduates earned higher salaries.
• There was little difference in average salaries between the two groups.
• Ivy League graduates were less successful overall.

How does Max Weber’s theory relate to the changing structure of society?

• He argued that society remains largely unchanged over time.
• He focused on how large bureaucratic organizations transformed social life.
• He believed that democracy and equality were key to social organization.
• He emphasized the role of industrialization in creating capitalism.

How did Alexis de Tocqueville contribute to sociological thought regarding American society?

• He argued that the United States was not a democratic nation.
• He suggested that Americans were highly involved in groups and public activities, unlike Europeans.
• He focused solely on the economic aspects of American life.
• He claimed that industrialization had little effect on American social life.

What was Comte's view on the role of sociology in society?

• It should be purely theoretical without practical applications.
• It should contribute to the welfare of humanity by predicting and controlling behavior.
• It should focus on individual behavior rather than society as a whole.
• It should reject scientific methods in favor of philosophical approaches.

What term did Auguste Comte originally use to describe sociology?

• Social Dynamics
• Social Planning
• Social Physics
• Social Interactionism