Practice Questions Transcription and Translation

What is the purpose of transcription?

• To create a DNA molecule

• To copy DNA into mRNA

• To synthesize proteins

• To split the DNA strands

Which enzyme is responsible for transcription?

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Ligase

What base does RNA have instead of Thymine?

• Adenine

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Uracil

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?

• Cytoplasm

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Cell membrane

What is the purpose of translation?

• To create mRNA from DNA

• To build proteins from mRNA

• To replicate DNA

• To remove introns from mRNA

What is a codon?

• A group of three amino acids

• A group of three nucleotides in mRNA

• A type of RNA molecule

• A protein-building enzyme

Which type of RNA carries the code for protein synthesis?

• tRNA

• rRNA

• mRNA

• DNA

What role does tRNA play in translation?

• It carries the genetic code

• It brings amino acids to the ribosome

• It builds the ribosome

• It edits the mRNA

Which part of the mRNA is removed during editing?

• Exons

• Introns

• Codons

• Anticodons

How does the ribosome know where to start translation?

• It starts at the first codon it encounters

• It binds to the promoter region

• It starts at the start codon (AUG)

• It follows the direction of RNA polymerase