Understanding Personality and Behavior

Which of the following is a key concept introduced by Sigmund Freud in psychoanalysis?

• Classical conditioning

• Id, Ego, and Superego

• Operant conditioning

• Hierarchy of needs

According to Freud, which part of the personality is responsible for mediating between the desires of the Id and the realities of the external world?

• Superego

• Ego

• Id

• Conscious

Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality factors?

• Openness

• Neuroticism

• Introversion

• Agreeableness

What does the term "reciprocal determinism" refer to in psychology?

• The influence of genetics on behavior

• The interaction between behavior, personal factors, and the environment

• The dominance of the Id over the Ego

• The role of reinforcement in learning

Which of the following best describes an internal locus of control?

• Believing that fate determines life events

• Believing that one's own actions determine life events

• Believing that external forces control life events

• Believing that luck is the primary factor in life events

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Id according to Freud?

• Reality-oriented

• Morality-driven

• Pleasure-seeking

• Logical

Which of the following Big Five personality factors is associated with being organized and dependable?

• Extraversion

• Conscientiousness

• Agreeableness

• Neuroticism

What is the primary function of the Superego in Freud's model of the psyche?

• To seek pleasure

• To enforce moral standards

• To mediate between the Id and Ego

• To process sensory information

Which of the following statements best describes an external locus of control?

• Believing that personal effort leads to success

• Believing that external circumstances dictate outcomes

• Believing that self-discipline is key to achievement

• Believing that internal motivation drives behavior

Which of the following is NOT a component of reciprocal determinism?

• Behavior

• Environment

• Genetics

• Personal factors