Unit 1: Reformation Review

During the Middle Ages, what was the dominant religion in Europe?

• Protestantism

• Islam

• Catholicism

• Lutheranism

Why were John Wycliffe and Jan Hus punished by the Church?

• They preached that the Bible was more important than the pope.

• They called for ending the pope as the leader of the Church.

• They said that the sacraments were not necessary to achieve salvation.

• They claimed that Jesus was not God’s son.

How did the printing press lead to weakening the power of the Church?

• It popularized the doctrines of the Catholic Church.

• It allowed for the spread of more people learning Latin, the official language of the Catholic Church.

• It helped spread ideas critical of the Catholic Church.

• It promoted the selling of indulgences by the Church.

What practice did Martin Luther disagree with that the Church was doing?

• Performing baptism

• Selling indulgences

• Printing the Bible in the vernacular

• Not allowing divorce

Where did Martin Luther’s ideas first spread?

• Italy

• Germany

• Switzerland

• England

What was one of Martin Luther’s main teachings?

• Christians need faith and good works to achieve salvation.

• The Pope and the Bible are equal in importance and authority.

• God has already chosen who will be saved.

• Christians do not need the clergy to interpret the Bible.

What were the 95 Theses?

• A list of corrupt clergy members.

• Theories Luther had about God’s role in the world.

• Statements of disagreement with the Church.

• A list of churches deemed heretical.

Why did King Henry VIII break away from the Catholic Church?

• He was influenced by Martin Luther’s reforms in Germany.

• He believed that the pope was corrupt.

• He wanted to divorce his wife.

• He was forced by his advisors.

What did the Act of Supremacy do?

• It made the English monarch the head of the Anglican Church.

• It made King Henry’s son the only heir to the English throne.

• It established Catholicism as the official religion of England.

• It allowed Catholics to persecute Protestants in England.

What problems occurred in England’s Reformation?

• The monarchs who ruled after Henry’s death varied between Protestant and Catholic and led to executions of Christians.

• King Henry did not know how to rule as a Protestant which led to Catholics rising up and removing him from the throne.

• King Henry’s first son died before he could become king, and England was left without a proper religious and political ruler, leading to civil war.

• The English monarchs chose to remain neutral during the Reformation causing confusion and anger among Christians.