Earth’s rock is continually cycling through the rock cycle. The diagram below shows there are two labels missing from the rock cycle. Which of these two processes in the rock cycle could be happening at the stage labeled #2?

Changes due to heat and pressure

Compacting and cementing of weathered sediments

Weathering is a process in the rock cycle. How does weathering contribute to the formation of rocks?

It breaks down rock into smaller pieces that can become sedimentary rock.

It increases the temperature and creates metamorphic rock.

It causes lava to cool and harden into igneous rock.

It deposits sediment and forms sedimentary rock.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between the independent variable and the dependent variable in a controlled experiment?

The independent variable is the variable that is tested in a controlled experiment and the dependent variable is the variable that is being measured.

The independent variable is the variable that is measured in a controlled experiment and the dependent variable is the variable that is tested.

Colleen waters the plants in her greenhouse once every day. She wants to find out if the plants will grow more leaves if they are watered more often. She counts the number of leaves on each plant before she starts. She then divides the plants into two equal groups and continues to water one group of plants once daily. She waters the other group of plants twice a day. What is the independent variable in Colleen's experiment?

the number of times the plants are watered

the number of leaves the plants grow

the amount of light the plants receive

What factor would have to change to answer, “How does the height a ball is dropped from affect how high it bounces on the first bounce?”

The height the ball is dropped from

The type of ball that is dropped

The floor the ball is bounced on

A model can represent an object, system, or process. Why do all models have limitations?

A model is never exactly the same as the thing it represents

All models include every factor that affects it

A model is smaller than the thing it represents

Thomas used toothpicks and balls of clay to make a model of a water molecule. The balls of clay represent atoms and the toothpicks represent bonds. Why is a model an effective way to understand the structure of water?

Water molecules are too small to be easily seen.

The structure of water is not really known.

Water is too complex to be easily understood.

It is too dangerous to observe a water molecule.

Scientists use computer models to study how black holes form in space. What is the most likely reason a computer model is being used?

Black holes are too far from Earth.

Black holes do not actually exist.

Black holes are too small to study.

Black holes are too large to study.

A car company is designing a new seatbelt. To test the design, engineers place a simulation dummy into the car and crash the car into a wall at a high speed. What benefit does this method of testing provide?

The company can test the design without harming any real people.

The company can save money by testing fewer cars.

The company can eliminate the need for testing in the future.

The company can design many different types of seat belts at once.

Which of the following statements accurately describes tectonic plate boundaries?

Areas where Earth’s crust experiences a high amount of stress.

Areas where Earth’s core experiences a high amount of stress.

Areas where Earth’s core experiences a low amount of stress.

Areas where Earth’s mantle experiences a high amount of stress.

Which areas are where Earth’s crust experiences a high amount of stress?

Areas where Earth’s crust experiences a high amount of stress.

Areas where Earth’s core experiences a high amount of stress.

Areas where Earth’s core experiences a low amount of stress.

Areas where Earth’s mantle experiences a high amount of stress.

Which of the following is not considered evidence of plate tectonics?

Scientists all have the same opinion and agree that plate tectonics is real.

The shape of the continents fit together like a puzzle.

Fossil comparisons exist along the edges of the continents where they would fit together.

The Mid-Atlantic ridge shows where new crust is formed.

Hard-boiled eggs have often been used to model the layers of Earth’s interior. Which choice describes how heat would move through Earth’s layers (egg model)?

From the yolk to the egg white in a circular motion

From the shell to the yolk in a circular motion

Earth’s crust is made up of tectonic plates. This diagram shows two plates found under the Himalaya Mountains. Which of the following statements best describes the tectonic plates shown in the diagram below?

Two convergent continental plates

Two convergent plates, one continental and one oceanic

Two divergent plates, one continental and one oceanic

What happens at a transform plate boundary?

Two tectonic plates slide past each other

Two tectonic plates pull away from each other

Two tectonic plates push toward each other

Dina knows that most volcanoes form near the boundaries of tectonic plates. She studies one volcano, however, that formed in the middle of a crustal plate. How could this have happened?

Some plates give off more heat than others

The heat that formed the volcano came from above the plate.

The volcano formed underground because a mountain was located above it.

The diagram shows the Pacific Ring of Fire. Earthquakes and volcanic activity occur along the Ring of Fire. Which of the following best explains why?

It is located at the boundaries of tectonic plates.

It is located at the boundary of deep and shallow water.

It is located where major ocean currents meet.

It is located where ocean temperatures are the highest.

The cross section below shows a portion of Earth’s crust and upper mantle near a mid-ocean ridge. The geological features of the ocean floor in this region resulted from:

Rising convection currents in the mantle

Colliding plates in the lithosphere

Sinking iron and magnesium in the lithosphere

Cooler temperatures in the mantle

Convection causes large masses of rock to rise from and sink into Earth’s mantle. The main heat source for this movement is:

Friction produced by plate motions

What is the primary source of energy that drives the Earth's internal processes?

Friction produced by plate motions

Different rose bushes are grown in a greenhouse for two months. The number of flowers on each rosebush are counted at the end of the experiment. What is the test (independent) variable?

the different types of rose bushes

the number of flowers on each bush

She makes sure she puts exactly the same amount of water in each ice tray. She takes the trays and puts them side by side in the freezer and checks the ice trays every 10 minutes to see if the water in each tray has begun to freeze. What is the test (independent) variable?

The time it takes the water to freeze

It is January and Haley, Sarah and Becky are tired of having cold feet while waiting for the school bus to come in the morning. They decide to design an experiment to test the effectiveness of wool, cotton and nylon as insulators. They fill identical bottles with 200 ml of water at 100 C and place them inside each sock. They take the temperature of the water after 20 minutes. What is the outcome (dependent) variable?

Temperature of the water bottles

Type of material used as an insulator

A group of middle school students were given a course in speed-reading. The instructor was curious to see if the students were paid, would it influence their performance on a reading test taken at the end of the year. Half the students were offered $50 for obtaining a certain grade on the test, the other half were not offered money. What is the test (independent) variable?

The $$ - whether the students were paid

Francesca creates a model that shows the movements of the tectonic plates of Earth’s surface. If she wants to use the model to understand the concept of how a mountain is formed, how does the model help her?

It speeds up a process that takes millions of years

It shows all of the plates in there correct layout

It explains in detail how mountains are formed

It displays details that cannot be seen in a drawing

Models are a representation or description designed to make a particular feature of the world easier to visualize and understand. Which of the following is not a benefit of a model?

Simulations are very expensive to create

Models represent things that are too small to study carefully

Simulations and models explain the past

Models represent things that are too large or too far away to study carefully

Which of the following statements accurately describes how a model can be useful/beneficial?

The model provides a useful understanding of the concept it is modeling.

The model provides an accurate visual representation of the texture and coloring of the concept it is modeling.

The model covers everything in exact detail of the concept it is modeling.

The model provides an accurate scale of the concept it is modeling.

Unit 5 Chapter Review

Quiz

•

Science

•

7th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Hard

•

NGSS

MS-ESS2-3, MS-ESS2-1, MS-ESS2-2

+14

Standards-aligned

Heather Hawkins

Used 10+ times

FREE Resource

44 questions

Show all answers

1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The solid layer that is somewhat flexible in the upper mantle that is located just below the lithosphere; lithospheric plates "float" and move on this layer.

outer core

asthenosphere

Inner core

crust

The Earth is divided into different layers based on various physical properties. Which layer is a hot, thick layer where convection occurs?

crust

inner core

outer core

mantle

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following statements describe the pressure from one layer to the next?

Pressure increases as the weight of the layers above increases.

Pressure increases with depth in the Earth, but it only applies to the mantle.

Pressure between layers remains constant regardless of depth or material composition.

Pressure decreases as you go deeper into the Earth, because the weight of the layers above becomes less significant.

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which layer heats the material in the mantle to form a convection current?

crust

core

lithosphere

mantle

The Earth is divided into different layers based on various physical properties. Which layer is a thin, rigid outermost layer that we live on?

crust

inner core

outer core

Mantle

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following statements accurately describes a convection current?

Heat is transferred through direct contact between the core and the crust.

Less dense, hot magma rises to the surface and denser cooler magma sinks.

More dense, hot magma rises to the surface and less dense cooler magma sinks.

Convection currents can only occur in solids, as they require rigid structures to transfer heat.

Metamorphic rock most often forms from sedimentary rock. Which of the following would be needed for this to happen?

heat and pressure

melting

erosion and deposition

weathering

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Unit 5 Chapter Review

44 questions

The solid layer that is somewhat flexible in the upper mantle that is located just below the lithosphere; lithospheric plates "float" and move on this layer.

The Earth is divided into different layers based on various physical properties. Which layer is a hot, thick layer where convection occurs?

Which of the following statements describe the pressure from one layer to the next?

Which layer heats the material in the mantle to form a convection current?

The Earth is divided into different layers based on various physical properties. Which layer is a thin, rigid outermost layer that we live on?

Which of the following statements accurately describes a convection current?

Metamorphic rock most often forms from sedimentary rock. Which of the following would be needed for this to happen?

Granite is a sturdy rock used for countertops. It forms from slowly cooling magma. What type of rock is granite?

Molten rock that is inside the Earth is called , but molten rock that erupts onto the Earth’s surface is called .

Which type of rock is formed from particles of other rocks that are deposited in layers and compacted and cemented together?

Create a free account and access millions of resources

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science

Unit 5 Chapter Review

44 questions

The solid layer that is somewhat flexible in the upper mantle that is located just below the lithosphere; lithospheric plates "float" and move on this layer.

The Earth is divided into different layers based on various physical properties. Which layer is a hot, thick layer where convection occurs?

Which of the following statements describe the pressure from one layer to the next?

Which layer heats the material in the mantle to form a convection current?

The Earth is divided into different layers based on various physical properties. Which layer is a thin, rigid outermost layer that we live on?

Which of the following statements accurately describes a convection current?

Metamorphic rock most often forms from sedimentary rock. Which of the following would be needed for this to happen?

Granite is a sturdy rock used for countertops. It forms from slowly cooling magma. What type of rock is granite?

Molten rock that is inside the Earth is called ________, but molten rock that erupts onto the Earth’s surface is called ________.

Which type of rock is formed from particles of other rocks that are deposited in layers and compacted and cemented together?

Create a free account and access millions of resources

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science

Molten rock that is inside the Earth is called , but molten rock that erupts onto the Earth’s surface is called .