Surface and Ground Water Test

Water that fills the cracks and spaces in solid rock is _________. _________ are layers of impermeable rock in the ground that hold groundwater. The upper level of the saturated zone is called the water _________. Groundwater is accessed and removed using _______. Which terms best complete the sentences?

• surface water; Ponds; table; hydraulic lifts

• rainwater; Canals; permeability; aquifers

• surface water; Aquifers; porosity; wells

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

The Ogallala aquifer, as shown on the map, covers a very large area in the central United States. The groundwater was deposited by ancient rivers millions of years ago and is used by farmers to water their crops. The groundwater in the aquifer is not being replenished as quickly as it is being used. Which best describes how human actions can beneficially influence the Ogallala aquifer to keep groundwater access?

• Water conservation measures

• Drilling more water wells

• Making existing wells deeper

• Use air sparging

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

A chemical spill occurs in a river. Is the groundwater in the watershed affected by the spill?

• It is affected because groundwater is where the river runs underground.

• It is affected because river water can seep into the ground and recharge the groundwater.

• It is not affected because groundwater and river water are not connected.

• It is not affected because groundwater is continually filtered by the ground.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

A community is providing suggestions for how people can protect groundwater. Which suggestions should they use? Select two answers.

• Close up underground fuel tanks

• Drill new wells in the area

• Pave the unused fields in the area

• Water lawns every other day

The image shows an aquifer and two wells. Explain how the water table has changed over time using clues in the image.

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Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Look at the graph. It shows how the depth of water in a well has changed over time. Describe the changes in the water level shown in the graph from 1991 to 2009. What may have occurred in that time period to cause those changes? Describe the changes in the water level shown in the graph from 2009 to 2015. What may have occurred in that time period to cause that trend?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

A _______________ is the water in an area of land that drains to a stream, river, or lake. Any body of water that is above ground is called ______. Dams, development, and ______ have negative impacts on bodies of water. Which terms best complete the sentences?

• wetland; groundwater; pollution

• wetland; surface water; sanitation

• watershed; a wetland; filtration

• watershed; surface water; pollution

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

A community is providing suggestions on how people can protect surface water. Which suggestions would be the most effective? Select two answers.

• Conserve water.

• Drink more bottled water.

• Monitor what goes into sewers and drains.

• Place filters on faucets.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

When humans build dams, what are the harmful influences on surface water that result? Select two answers.

• Less groundwater under the dam

• Less sediment and nutrients available downstream

• More dissolved oxygen in the river

• More habitats along the river are destroyed

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Look at the image. The glacier is found on a mountain in the American West and as it melts it feeds local watersheds. Pollution from vehicles can cause global temperatures to change and cause glaciers to melt. What will be the long-term negative impact on an area if its glaciers disappear?

• Amount of surface water decreases

• Area of the watershed decreases

• Number of yearly floods increases

• Rate of river water flow increases

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1