Understanding Attribution and Perception

Which of the following best describes the concept of dispositional attributions?

• Attributing behavior to environmental factors

• Attributing behavior to internal characteristics such as personality

• Attributing behavior to luck or fate

• Attributing behavior to the influence of others

What is the fundamental attribution error?

• The tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes

• The tendency to attribute others' behaviors to internal causes while underestimating situational factors

• The tendency to attribute success to internal factors and failure to external factors

• The tendency to believe that repeated exposure increases liking

How does the actor-observer bias differ from the fundamental attribution error?

• It involves attributing one's own actions to internal causes

• It involves attributing others' actions to external causes

• It involves attributing one's own actions to external causes and others' actions to internal causes

• It involves attributing both one's own and others' actions to situational factors

Which of the following is an example of self-serving bias?

• Believing you passed a test because you are smart

• Believing you failed a test because you didn't study enough

• Believing you passed a test because the teacher made it easy

• Believing you failed a test because of bad luck

What does an internal locus of control imply about a person's beliefs?

• They believe their life is controlled by fate

• They believe they are responsible for what happens to them

• They believe others are responsible for their successes

• They believe luck determines their outcomes

Which of the following best describes the mere exposure effect?

• The belief that one's expectations can influence outcomes

• The tendency to compare oneself to others

• The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking

• The feeling of deprivation based on comparison to others

How does social comparison theory apply to behavior and mental processes?

• It suggests that people feel deprived when comparing themselves to others

• It suggests that people compare themselves to others to evaluate their abilities and opinions

• It suggests that repeated exposure to stimuli increases liking

• It suggests that beliefs can lead to their own fulfillment

What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?

• A belief that leads to its own fulfillment

• A tendency to attribute success to internal factors

• A tendency to attribute failure to external factors

• A belief that repeated exposure increases liking

Which of the following is an example of relative deprivation?

• Feeling satisfied with your achievements

• Feeling deprived because a peer received a promotion

• Feeling content with your current situation

• Feeling happy for a friend's success

What does an external locus of control imply about a person's beliefs?

• They believe they are responsible for their own success

• They believe their life is controlled by their own actions

• They believe their life is controlled by fate, luck, or others

• They believe they can influence their own outcomes