SGD - PRRs, PAMPS, DAMPS PT1

Which of the following does NOT have a functional role at innate immunity?

• Mast cells

• Effector T cells

• Complement cells

• Basophils

Select the FALSE statement regarding pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)

• Includes mRNA and virus

• Includes methylated CpGs

• Includes the LPS cell wall of gram-negative bacteria

• Includes nuclear proteins or nucleic acids found outside the nucleus such as extracellular HMGB1

Select the CORRECT statement regarding adaptive immunity

• Humoral immunity is mediated by B lymphocytes

• Humoral immunity is mediated by T lymphocytes

• Antibody production is a feature of cell-mediated immunity

• Cytokine-activated phagocytosis is not a feature of cell-mediated immunity

What is the INCORRECT statement regarding toll-like receptors?

• There are 10 different functional TLRs in humans labelled TLR1-TLR10

• The High mobility group box (HMGB1) DNA-binding proteins bind to TLR2

• TLRs are integral membrane proteins with cysteine-rich repeat motifs flanked by leucine-rich motifs in their extracellular region

• TLRs were discovered in Drosophila

Tick the CORRECT answer regarding NOD-like receptors

• Not all NOD-like receptors (NLRs) originate from a nucleotide oligomerization Domain.

• NOD2 is highly expressed in the brain

• Both NOD1 and NOD2 contain the baculovirus IAP repeat domain in their typical domain structure

• NOD1 recognizes protein components derived from gram negative and gram positive peptidoglycans

Which of these is NOT a cytosolic PRR?

• NOD-like receptors

• Cytosolic DNA sensors

• Transcription factor NF-kB

• Retinoic-acid inducible gene (RIG)-like receptors (RLRs)

Which of the following components are associated with inflammation during the complement cascade (soluble PRR)

• C5b

• C5b9

• C3a

• C3b

Which is the INCORRECT statement regarding RIG-like receptors?

• RLRs can recognize ds RNA and RNA-DNA complexes

• RLRs include RIG-1 and MDA5 receptors

• RLRs are only expressed in bone marrow derived leukocytes

• Coronavirus can evade RIG-1 and MDA5

Which of the following is a soluble PRR?

• Cytosolic DNA sensors

• RIG-like receptors

• Collectins

• NOD-like receptors

Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding the following PRRs

• The complement system is a cell-associated PRR

• The complement system is a soluble PRR

• RLRs are present in the cytosol of phagocytes and other cells.

• The TLRs are specific to the plasma membrane and endosomal membranes