Unit 3 Chapter 3 Regional Development and Interactions (Part 2)

How did farmers use flatboats on the Ohio River and the Mississippi River? (See Page 42)

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Answer explanation

Farmers established their farms along these waterways so they could transport goods downstream to the port of New Orleans via flatboats. Then their goods could be loaded onto ships destined for other countries or ports in the East.

Describe the steamboat built, powered, and functioned by Robert Fulton. (see page 42)

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Robert Fulton built a boat with two large paddle wheels on its sides and installed a steam engine. The power from the steam engine turned the paddle wheels, which functioned like oars and propelled the boat through the water.

Describe the steamboat built, powered, and functioned by Robert Fulton. (see page 42)

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Answer explanation

Robert Fulton built a boat with two large paddle wheels on its sides and installed a steam engine. The power from the steam engine turned the paddle wheels, which functioned like oars and propelled the boat through the water.

What role did Henry Miller Shreve play in the War of 1812 and how did he help General Andrew Jackson? (See page 43)

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Answer explanation

When the War of 1812 began, Shreve saw an opportunity. He invested money in a new, powerful steamboat called the Enterprise and offered to captain the vessel on its first journey from Pittsburgh to New Orleans. Andrew Jackson and his army needed supplies, and Shreve brought them to him, despite the monopoly held by

Fulton’s company. Shreve reached New

Orleans and delivered the supplies to Jackson, but Jackson still needed help. Shreve placed the Enterprise in Jackson’s service, ferrying supplies and troops to the forts downriver, as well as fetching more supplies and reinforcements.

EVALUATE—What advantages did steamboats have over flatboats? (See page 42)

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Answer explanation

Steamboat travel took far less time than a horse-drawn wagon would take—and the steamboat carried a much larger cargo. Soon, steamboats were carrying passengers and goods on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.

(Steamboats could travel much faster than flatboats. They could also carry large loads. Most importantly, they could travel upstream against river currents. It was very difficult to steer a flatboat upstream against the current.)

How did General Andrew Jackson's success help Henry Miller Shreve?

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Answer explanation

Jackson’s success in the battle helped Shreve end the monopoly on trade on the lower Mississippi.

Explain--How did Henry Miller Shreve help improve the economy of upper Louisiana? (Hint--Include information about what he designed; what was it used for; and how it helped upper Louisiana; what is his camp called today) (See page 43)

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Answer explanation

Shreve designed a special boat that could get rid of the snags, even when they blocked the rivers so completely that someone could ride a horse across them. This was the situation on the Red River in upper Louisiana, which had made water travel there impossible. Shreve opened the river for travel and trade, bringing commerce to the region. His camp on the river grew into a city, which is today the city of Shreveport.

(Shreve designed a special boat that could clear snags, or fallen logs that blocked the river. His invention opened the Red River for travel and trade, bringing commerce to the region.)

How did this invention affect the growth of the United States during the early to mid-1800s? (See Page 43)

• It revolutionized the fishing industry along the Mississippi River.

• It enabled the removal of “snags,” opening new avenues of river travel.

• It made it easier and faster for people to send long-distance messages.

• It made it easier for settlers to journey to the Oregon and New Mexico Territories.

EVALUATE—Why didn’t very many people immigrate to the United States before 1820? (Hint--Identify two main reasons;provide details that explain each reason.) (See page 44)

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Answer explanation

There were two main reasons why most people did not immigrate to the United States before the 1820s. One was that during many of those years, European countries were at war with each other. They fought each other on the seas as well as on land, and they didn’t much care about anyone who got in the way. That made traveling on the oceans dangerous. The second reason was that those same warring nations made it difficult for their citizens to leave. Their governments believed that losing population would weaken their ability to carry on the wars.

How many people living in the United States in 1860 were born somewhere else? (See Page 44)

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Answer explanation

By 1860, just before the start of the Civil War, more than one out of every eight people living in the United States was born somewhere else.