Psych Ch.3 Test

What is the primary purpose of the scientific method in psychology?

• To manipulate variables
• To gather subjective opinions
• To apply critical thinking and research tools
• To confirm personal biases

Which of the following best describes confirmation bias?

• The tendency to accept all information as valid
• The tendency to search for information that supports preconceptions
• The ability to critically analyze all arguments
• The inclination to ignore data

What is a key characteristic of naturalistic observation?

• Participants are aware they are being observed
• It involves manipulating variables
• It occurs in a controlled environment
• Subjects are observed in their natural environment

What is a case study?

• A method that studies a large population
• A research technique studying one individual in depth
• A statistical analysis of multiple variables
• A survey of public opinion

In a correlational study, what does a correlation of +1.0 indicate?

• No relationship between variables
• A perfect positive relationship
• A perfect negative relationship
• A weak relationship

Why is it important to use a random sample in surveys?

• To ensure all opinions are represented
• To reduce bias and improve validity
• To increase the size of the sample
• To make the survey easier to conduct

What does the term 'operational definition' refer to?

• The outcome of an experiment
• The variable that is manipulated
• The specific procedures used to measure a variable
• The hypothesis of the study

Which of the following is a potential issue with participant bias?

• Participants may behave differently when observed
• Participants may not understand the study
• Participants may provide false information
• Participants may be too diverse

What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

• To manipulate the independent variable
• To provide a baseline for comparison
• To increase the sample size
• To ensure random assignment

What is the main ethical consideration when conducting research with human participants?

• To ensure participants are paid
• To maintain confidentiality
• To use complex language
• To avoid using control groups