Erosion and Land Formation

An Oxbow lake is often formed by a meandering stream. What process takes place in order for the oxbow lake to form?

• The stream changed its path.

• A cavern roof collapsed

• A crater flooded

• A fault block subsided

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

There is a National park in the western US that is filled with arches that have been formed by nature. The arches were once solid rock. Over time, extreme temperature changes and windy conditions have caused pieces of rock to crumble and blow away, leaving holes in the rock and forming the arches. Which of these processes is responsible for the formation of the arches?

• compaction and cementation

• weathering and erosion

• cooling magma

• increased geological pressure

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

My family is planning a camping trip. They would like to camp near sand dunes. In which place are they most likely to find sand dunes?

• a valley in the mountains

• a plateau near a canyon

• a beach near an ocean

• a hill on an island

On the coasts of California, you might see cliffs and small, sandy beaches formed along a coastline. Which statement explains how these different landforms were produced on the same coastline?

• Earthquakes over time have broken down rock between the cliffs to form the beaches.

• Weathering and erosion formed the cliffs, and deposition formed the beaches.

• Glaciers carved out the cliffs and beaches when they traveled down the coast.

• Volcanoes erupted, and the lava formed cliffs that caused the waves to create.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

A delta is a landform that forms at the mouth of a river.Which statement explains the forces responsible for producing these features?

• The delta was formed by constructive force of deposition.

• The delta was formed quickly by an earthquake and wind.

• The delta was produced by the destructive force of erosion.

• The delta was produced over a long period of time by weathering.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Sinkholes are commonly found in Florida’s landscape. They are more likely to occur where limestone is close to the surface. Which process is primarily responsible for sinkholes?

• earthquakes

• hurricanes

• chemical weathering

• volcanoes

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Sand dunes are a natural means of flood and storm surge protection for the coastlines and inland areas. Which statement correctly identifies the landform which provides the most protection for the coast?

• Deltas create a natural barrier to prevent erosion by wind.

• Rivers prevent flooding by preventing ocean water from moving inland.

• Dunes provide protection from erosion caused by water.

• Sinkholes decrease the chance for flooding by providing a place for excess water to go.

Which explanation best describes how glaciers contributed to the formation of coastlines along Florida and other states?

• Water, from the melting ice, flooded the plains causing plants to die.

• Water, from the melting ice, changed the shape of the coastline.

• Water, from the melting ice, elevated the shoreline to forming plateaus.

• Water, from the melting ice, deposited sand on the ocean floor.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

How do the rivers in Florida differ from those in other areas?

• Florida’s rivers are shallower than those in mountainous regions.

• Florida’s rivers move much faster than those which end at the ocean.

• Florida’s rivers move much faster than those which end at the ocean.

• Florida’s rivers are much deeper than those located in states further north.

Florida’s rivers contribute to the process of weathering, erosion and deposition. Which Florida land feature is most likely the result of deposition by rivers?

• dunes

• deltas

• coastlines

• lakes

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2