Endogenic Processes Quiz

Who proposed the Continental Drift Theory?

• Isaac Newton

• Alfred Wegener

• Charles Darwin

• Marie Curie

Answer explanation

The Continental Drift Theory was proposed by Alfred Wegener in the early 20th century. He suggested that continents were once joined and have since drifted apart, a concept that revolutionized our understanding of plate tectonics.

What was the name of the hypothetical supercontinent proposed by Wegener?

• Laurasia

• Atlantis

• Pangaea

• Gondwana

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Pangaea, which was the name of the supercontinent proposed by Alfred Wegener in his theory of continental drift. Laurasia and Gondwana were parts of Pangaea, while Atlantis is a mythological place.

Which type of evidence suggests that continents were once connected?

• Biological Evidence

• Glacial Evidence

• Meteorological Evidence

• Geological Evidence

Answer explanation

Biological evidence, such as similar fossils found on different continents, indicates that these landmasses were once connected. This supports the theory of continental drift, showing how species could spread across joined land.

What geological feature is formed at a convergent boundary between oceanic and continental plates?

• Fault line

• Trench

• Mid-ocean ridge

• Rift valley

Answer explanation

At a convergent boundary between oceanic and continental plates, the denser oceanic plate subducts, creating a trench. This geological feature is a result of the intense pressure and movement of the plates.

What is the process called when two tectonic plates move away from each other?

• Subduction

• Divergence

• Convergence

• Transform

Answer explanation

The process when two tectonic plates move away from each other is called divergence. This occurs at divergent boundaries, where new crust is formed as magma rises to the surface.

Which of the following is a characteristic of transform fault boundaries?

• Plates slide horizontally past one another

• Plates move apart

• Plates sink into the mantle

• Plates move toward each other

Answer explanation

Transform fault boundaries are characterized by plates sliding horizontally past one another. This movement contrasts with divergent boundaries (plates move apart) and convergent boundaries (plates move toward each other).

What evidence supports the theory of sea floor spreading?

• Paleomagnetism

• Fossil distribution

• Glacial deposits

• Volcanic activity

Answer explanation

Paleomagnetism provides evidence for sea floor spreading by showing patterns of magnetic reversals in oceanic crust, indicating new crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges and moves outward, supporting the theory.

Which event occurred in Morocco in September 2023?

• Tsunami

• Flood

• Volcanic eruption

• Earthquake

Answer explanation

In September 2023, Morocco experienced a significant earthquake, which caused widespread damage and loss of life. This event was notable and distinct from other natural disasters like tsunamis, floods, or volcanic eruptions.

What is the main focus of the case study on the Mauna Loa eruption?

• Glacial evidence

• Earthquake effects

• Volcanic mechanisms

• Tectonic setting

Answer explanation

The case study on the Mauna Loa eruption primarily focuses on volcanic mechanisms, which include the processes and dynamics of the eruption itself, rather than glacial evidence, earthquake effects, or tectonic setting.

What type of boundary occurs when two continental plates collide?

• Convergent

• Transform

• Subductive

• Divergent

Answer explanation

When two continental plates collide, they create a convergent boundary. This type of boundary is characterized by the plates pushing against each other, often leading to mountain formation and seismic activity.