Seed

The diagram represents a portion of a starch molecule.

The building blocks for this molecule are

• amino acids

• simple sugars

• fats

• molecular bases

The diagram represents a portion of a starch molecule.

The energy in this molecule is stored

• in the bonds between atoms

• in the oxygen found in the molecule

• when the carbon atoms break off

• when water breaks this molecule apart

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Proteins, starch, and DNA are similar in that they are all

• organic compounds

• parts of genes

• made of amino acids

• made of simple sugars

The diagram represents a plant leaf cell and two different molecules used in the process of glucose synthesis.

Which statement best describes a function of glucose in plant cells?

• It is converted into solar energy in the chloroplasts.

• It can be used directly as a building block in protein synthesis.

• It can be used during the digestion of fats.

• It is used during cellular respiration in the mitochondria.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Base your answer on the information and graph below and on your knowledge of biology.

The pH of the internal environment of lysosomes (organelles that contain digestive enzymes) is approximately 4.5, while the pH of the surrounding cytoplasm is approximately 7. The average pH of the human stomach during digestion is approximately 2.5, while the average pH of the small intestine during digestion is about 8.

The graph below shows how pH affects the enzyme activity of four different enzymes, A, B, C, and D

What will most likely happen to the action of an enzyme from the small intestine if it is placed in an environment similar to the environment in which enzyme C functions best?

• It would no longer be able to function because the environment is too acidic.

• It would adapt to the new environment and start carrying out the same function as enzyme C.

• It would continue to function because it is able to modify the pH of the environment.

• It would be able to function because the pH of the environment is similar to that of the intestine

Base your answer on the information and graph below and on your knowledge of biology.

The pH of the internal environment of lysosomes (organelles that contain digestive enzymes) is approximately 4.5, while the pH of the surrounding cytoplasm is approximately 7. The average pH of the human stomach during digestion is approximately 2.5, while the average pH of the small intestine during digestion is about 8.

The graph below shows how pH affects the enzyme activity of four different enzymes, A, B, C, and D

Lysosomes break open during the process of digestion, releasing enzymes into the cytoplasm. Which statement may explain why the entire cell may not be digested?

• The acidic environment of the cytoplasm destroys the enzymes.

• Antibodies in the cytoplasm break down foreign enzymes.

• The pH of the cytoplasm causes the enzymes to function less effectively.

• Enzymes can function only in the location where they are synthesized.