Earth History Investigation

A student shared an igneous rock he bought that has beautiful fish and plant fossils in it. Another student gently pointed out that he may want to try to get his money back. How did the student know the rock was fake? (Mark the one best answer.)

• Fish and plants don't fossilize in the same rocks.

• It is impossible for fossils to form in igneous rocks.

• It is not legal to sell real fossils.

• Igneous rocks don't form underwater.

There is an area in Oregon, where most of the ground is covered with basalt. Which statement best describes how the rocks likely formed in this area? (Mark the one best answer.)

• The rocks cooled slowly below ground, and tiny crystals formed.

• The rocks were under tremendous heat and pressure, so no crystals formed.

• The rocks cooled quickly above ground forming crystals too small to see.

• Basalt rocks do not form crystals, no matter how they cooled.

Which sentence best describes the formation of igneous rock? (Mark the one best answer.)

• Lava on the surface dries up and makes a rock.

• Melted rock cools and forms crystals.

• Rocks are under tremendous heat and pressure and form crystals.

• Magma is melted rock underground.

The crust of Earth may include _____ . (Mark the one best answer.)

• continents and ocean floors

• continents only

• layers of sedimentary rock and continents

• all of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Your friend offers to show you an intrusive igneous rock. Which of the following would you expect to see? (Mark the one best answer.)

• A glassy rock

• A rock with large crystals

• A rock with small crystals

• A rock with large bubbles

Which statement best describes mantle and magma? (Mark the one best answer.)

• Magma is a layer of Earth underneath the crust, and mantle is melted rock within the crust.

• Mantle is a layer of Earth underneath the crust, and magma is melted rock within the crust.

• Magma is a layer of Earth underneath the crust, and mantle is melted rock within the magma.

• None of the above

Which question is the best one to ask in order to learn how an igneous rock formed? (Mark the one best answer.)

• What color is the rock?

• What is the rock made of?

• What size are the crystals in the rock?

• How heavy is the rock?

Using the diagram, which of the following apply to the asthenosphere? (Mark all that apply.)

• Drives the movement of the plates

• Upper mantle is found in this layer

• Is semisolid

• Earthquakes happen in this layer

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Using the diagram, which of the following apply to the lithosphere? (Mark all that apply.)

• Made up of hard, solid rock

• Convection happens in this layer

• Is semisolid

• Upper mantle is found in this layer

• Crust is found in this layer

Which statements describe a characteristic of the crust? (Mark all that apply.)

• Solid rock composed mainly of basalt and granite

• Layer that contains sediments

• Layer directly beneath the ocean water

• Semisolid layer in the interior of Earth