Unit 9 Biotech, Bacteria, & Viruses Test Review

Arjun is studying bacteriophages and E. coli in his biology class. He learns that bacteriophages can infect bacteria such as E. coli. In what way are bacteriophages and E. coli alike?

• They contain antibodies

• They reproduce through mitosis

• They have identical genomes

• They lack membrane-bound organelles

Avery is studying how viruses infect bacteria in her biology class. She learns about two processes: the lytic and lysogenic cycles. Which option correctly describes what happens in each cycle?

• A. Lytic: A bacteriophage injects its viral genome into a host cell.

  Lysogenic: The host cell immediately bursts and releases viral particles.

• B. Lytic: A bacteriophage bursts and releases viral particles.

  Lysogenic: A host cell inserts its genome into a bacteriophage genome.

• C. Lytic: A bacteriophage inserts its viral genome into a host cell's genome.

  Lysogenic: A host cell reproduces inside a bacteriophage and releases viral particles.

• D. Lytic: A bacteriophage reproduces inside a host and releases bacteriophages when the host cell bursts.

  Lysogenic: A bacteriophage inserts its viral genome into a host cell's genome.

Michael is learning about diseases in his science class. His teacher explains that any organism or particle that can cause an infectious disease is called a ___. What is the correct term?

Emma is studying viruses in her biology class. She wonders under which of the following conditions viruses can reproduce.

• when they are outside a living organism

• when they carry out respiration

• when they grow or move

• when they are inside a host cell

While working in a laboratory, Maya observes tiny viruses attacking bacteria in a petri dish. These viruses are called ___.

• bacteriophages

• retroviruses

• proviruses

• prophages

While studying for his biology exam, Ethan looks at a diagram of a virus and wonders what structure is labeled C. What is the correct answer?

• glycoprotein

• viral envelope

• capsid

• DNA

Emma is studying viruses in her biology class. She learns that HIV is a retrovirus which contains a unique enzyme known as ______.

• reverse transcriptase

• RNA polymerase

• DNA polymerase

• Helicase

William visits his doctor to get a shot that will help his body develop immunity against certain diseases. The substance injected that stimulates the body's immune response against future invasion by microbes is a ___.

Eve is studying how different cell structures work. She observes the glycoprotein structures on an HIV virus and the cilia on an animal cell. What is the difference in the function of these two structures?

• The glycoprotein structures are used to obtain nutrition, and the cilia are used to secrete proteins

• The glycoprotein structures allow the virus to move, and the cilia are used to secrete proteins

• The glycoprotein structures are used for attachment, and the cilia are used to move

• The glycoprotein structures are used for conjugation, and the cilia are used to obtain nutrition

In a laboratory, Olivia is observing two bacterial cells under a microscope. She notices that the cells are coming together and exchanging genetic material, as shown in the picture. According to the picture, what is the process that brings about an exchange of genetic information between bacterial cells?

• binary fission

• mutualism

• conjugation

• replication