Did You Know That About Biology

The maintenance of a stable internal environment is known as:

• Homeostasis

• Metabolism

• Regulation

• Transport

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Over time, a tree that once had a total mass of 300 g increased in mass to 3000 kg. This increase in mass comes mostly from

• carbon dioxide that enters through the leaf openings

• oxygen that enters through the leaf openings

• soil that all plants need to grow

• chloroplasts that enter the roots and move to the leaves

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Mitochondria provide ribosomes with

• ATP (energy) for protein synthesis

• amino acids for protein synthesis

• oxygen for respiration

• carbon dioxide for the production of sugars

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Which process performed by organisms produces oxygen for the aquatic ecosystem?

• Respiration

• Replication

• Active Transport

• Photosynthesis

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In single-celled organisms, materials are stored primarily in

• Ribosomes

• Nuclei

• Vacuoles

• Mitochondria

Which sequence best represents the levels of organization in a paramecium, a single-celled organism?

• cells —› tissues —› organs —› organ systems —› organism

• organelles —› organ systems —› organism

• cells —› organs —› organ systems —› organism

• organelles —› organism

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Fat molecules typically contain long chains of carbon atoms. Animals tend to store fats for use when food resources are scarce. This is an advantage to the animal because

• much energy can be gained by breaking the bonds between atoms in the fats

• fats give off carbon dioxide that can be used by the muscles

• amino acids from fat synthesis are more easily digested than carbohydrates

• energy can only be released by digesting fats

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While looking at the bottom surface of a leaf with a compound light microscope, a student notices pairs of cells with openings between them on the surface of the leaf. The main purpose of these openings and the cells that surround them is

• removing excess sugars

• synthesis of carbon dioxide

• regulating gas exchange

• purification of water

If the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed, what effect would this most likely have on the cell?

• It would stimulate mitotic cell division.

• The cell would be unable to synthesize proteins.

• Development of abnormal hereditary features would occur in the cell.

• Increased protein absorption would occur through the cell membrane.

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The function of a specific enzyme is most directly influenced by its

• molecular size

• physical shape

• carrying capacity

• stored energy