Blood Physiology

blood

• Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.

• The fluid surrounding the cells and tissues

• fluid that is circulated through the lymph vessels

• Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.

Plasma

• Liquid part of blood, made mostly of water, in which oxygen, nutrients, and minerals are dissolved

• red blood cells, carry oxygen

• Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.

• Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.

Rh factor

• A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

• Refers to the presence or absence of the Rh antigen on red blood cells.

• The smallest vessels where materials are exchanged between the blood and body cells.

• high blood pressure

Leukocytes make up less than 0.5% of whole blood; however, of that small value approximately __________ are lymphocytes.

• 3-8%

• 20-25%

• 60-70%

There are five major leukocytes. Which of the following is the rarest of the five when a person is not sick?

• bazophils

• eosinophils

• monocytes

Some of the leukocytes have granules in their cytosol that consist of a variety of chemicals involved in defending the body. Which of the following cells typically do NOT contain granules?

• basophils

• neutrophils

• lymphocytes

Histamine is a chemical that causes blood vessels to dilate in an effort to increase the flow of blood and subsequently leukocytes to the infected site. Which of the following leukocytes release the most histamine?

• basophils

• neutrophils

• eosinophils

Which of the following leukocytes have the ability to produce antibodies?

• monocytes

• neutrophils

• B lymphocytes

Which of the following leukocytes respond when a person is allergic to something?

• eosinophils

• neutrophils

• lymphocytes

Which of the following characteristics of erythrocytes allow for the easy exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

• flattened shape

• lack of a nucleus

• lack of organelles