If the absolute brightness of a star changes, all but one of the following properties must change as well. Which of the following will NOT change?

the distance from the star to Earth

the rate at which the star uses nuclear energy

the rate at which the star releases electromagnetic energy

How does the composition of a comet compare with that of a star?

Comets are made of ice and dust, while stars are made of gas.

Both objects are composed of gas.

Both objects contain a form of water.

Comets are made of frozen rock, while stars are made of burning rock.

If a scientist sends light waves to four different objects in space, which of the following will take the longest to bounce the wave back to Earth? (which is the farthest away)

a planet in Earth's Solar System

a planet in another star system within the Milky Way Galaxy

Which properties would be most useful for the classification of a star recently discovered by an astronomer?

apparent magnitude, temperature, absolute brightness, and size

temperature, solar flare activity, number of surrounding planets, and size

temperature, size comparison to our sun, solar flare activity, and absolute brightness

apparent magnitude, temperature, distance from the Milky Way, and presence of dark spots

The Andromeda Galaxy is 2.5 million light-years away and over 200,000 light-years in diameter. It appears as a fuzzy patch of light in the night sky, but telescopes show it to be disc-shaped. Which of the following most accurately describes the number of stars in the Andromeda Galaxy?

The Andromeda Galaxy is made up of billions of stars that produce enough light to be seen from far away.

The Andromeda Galaxy is made up of hundreds of stars that give it a disc shape.

The Andromeda Galaxy is made up of thousands of stars that make it extremely large in size.

The Andromeda Galaxy is made up of millions of stars that are not visible because of its distance.

Which of the following statements describes why scientists use the light-year unit to measure distances in space?

A light-year unit is very large and distances in space are very large.

A light-year unit is very small and distances in space are very small.

A light-year unit is very small and distances in space are very large.

A light-year unit is very large and distances in space are very small.

When the Hubble Space telescope was first launched, it was the most advanced technology of its kind. Astronomers and astrophysicists all over the world celebrated its launch. Why was this event so important to these scientists?

Hubble provided scientists with data about the Universe they had previously been unable to collect.

Hubble provided a new way to study Earth's atmosphere.

Hubble proved that we could launch a telescope into space.

Hubble was able to collect physical samples from celestial bodies they had previously been unable to reach.

An astrophysicist is investigating the impact of solar flares on Earth's atmosphere. Which of the following is the best method to collect data on this phenomenon?

Launch a satellite to measure the radiation that reaches Earth's atmosphere during a solar flare.

Use a telescope to observe the surface of the Sun during a solar flare.

Measure the levels of toxic gases in Earth's atmosphere during a solar eclipse.

Develop a computer model which simulates how the Sun uses hydrogen during a solar flare.

Henrietta Leavitt discovered that the rate at which the brightness of a variable star changes is related to its overall brightness. Ejnar Hertzsprung used this finding to calculate distances between far away stars. This later allowed Harlow Shapley to estimate the size of the Milky Way Galaxy and Edwin Hubble to detect the motion of galaxies. What does the history of research on variable stars suggest about scientific knowledge?

Physicists build on the ideas of others to expand scientific knowledge.

Physicists prefer to build new knowledge based on their own work.

Physicists do not like to use knowledge from scientists of the past.

Physicists are best when developing new ideas that will lead to individual recognition.

Base on the HR Diagram shown, which of the following correctly compares the brightness and temperature of star A to star B

Star B is hotter and brighter than Star A

Star A is brighter and cooler than Star B

Star A is hotter and Brighter than Star B

Star B is brighter and cooler than Star A

The James Webb Space Telescope will be the largest telescope ever put into space and will replace the Hubble Space Telescope. It will be launched into orbit beyond Earth's moon, where it can work in an ultra-cold environment, protected from the heat of the Sun. Unlike Hubble, which collects information primarily from visible light, the Webb Telescope will use infrared-detecting technology to monitor space. How will the new technology of the Webb Telescope enhance the data scientists will be able to collect from outer space?

It will avoid the distortion from the atmosphere and give scientists more accurate data.

It will collect highly detailed data about nuclear activity deep within our Sun.

It will detect high-energy ultraviolet radiation emitted from supernovae and black holes.

It will see farther out into space to give scientists insight into how the universe was formed.

Opportunity and Spirit, NASA's Mars Exploration Rovers, were the first scientific instruments able to collect samples directly from the surface of Mars. One of the mission's goals was to determine the likelihood that life ever existed on Mars. How were Spirit and Opportunity best able to supply evidence that in the distant past Mars may have had an environment favorable to life?

The rovers sent images of cross beds, centimeter-scale areas in rock layers, that could indicate whether water once flowed on Mars.

The rovers collected data on the distribution of dust using high-definition cameras and spectrometers.

The rovers survived a complete change of seasons on the planet and recorded temperature changes and atmospheric dust levels.

The rovers provided panoramic views of the slopes and summits, black rocks hardened from lava, and other features of Martian geology.

Some planetary images and satellite photographs are made using visible light. Other images are made with radiation from the non-visible portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Why do scientists study images made with parts of the electromagnetic spectrum other than visible light?

These images reveal information that visible light does not show.

These images show important data from optical telescopes.

These images are the only way to observe galaxies beyond our own.

These images are the only way to observe space from Earth's surface.

Scientists use satellites in space to monitor and record the infrared radiation given off by Earth. In which of the following examples would a scientist most likely be using this kind of data?

to study the difference between the temperatures at Earth's poles

to study the area of land flooded by a tsunami

to study the rate of cloud formation over a certain continent

to study the movement of continental plates beneath Earth's surface

Dr. Kuiper is studying the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a star in the Andromeda Galaxy. He has detected three different wavelengths of electromagnetic energy from the star. Which of the following statements describes what Dr. Kuiper should see when he calculates the frequencies of these waves?

The wave with the shortest wavelength will have the highest frequency.

The wave with the shortest wavelength will have the lowest frequency.

The wave with the longest wavelength will have a frequency that is double its amplitude.

The wave with the longest wavelength will have a frequency that is one half its amplitude.

How do radio waves and visible light waves differ?

Radio waves have a lower frequency than visible light waves.

Radio waves move faster than visible light waves.

Radio waves have more energy than visible light waves.

Radio waves have a shorter wavelength than visible light waves.

The Kennedy Space Center is located on Merritt Island in Florida. It was used to assemble and launch space shuttles, monitor flights, and archive mission data. Since 1968, every crewed flight organized by NASA has been launched from this center. In 2011, the space shuttle program was discontinued and Kennedy Space Center staff was greatly reduced. Which of the following best describes a negative consequence Florida has experienced as a result?

Less money is spent locally by tourists and NASA employees.

Less information about Florida is available from satellites.

Less of the technologies discovered by NASA are available in Florida.

Less information about our solar system and the Universe is available.

The state of Florida sometimes experiences severe weather. Which statement best illustrates how space technologies aid the Florida government in making informed decisions regarding natural disasters?

The state government collects data about a hurricane from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and uses the data to call for a state of emergency.

The city government holds a town hall meeting to develop a natural disaster plan.

The city government puts the city on natural disaster alert based on citizen speculations.

The state government orders an evacuation of all coastal area residents based on information obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

The change in the space program at NASA to unmanned rocket launches instead of manned shuttle launches reflects a shift in the political and social views on space exploration. Which part of the scientific community will be most affected by this change?

the part that studies living in space and space travel

the part that researches satellites and radio telescopes

the part that engineers launch and aerospace technology

the part that evaluates the space center’s environmental impact

The Keck Observatory is home to the largest Earth-based twin telescopes. The telescopes are located away from city lights, above the clouds where the atmosphere is clear, calm, and dry. In 1999, additional steps were taken to help the telescopes overcome any distortions caused by changes in the atmosphere by adding a laser sighting system. Now, the Keck telescopes can probe distant galaxies and capture images with more detail than even the Hubble Space Telescope. Scientists can now use the Keck telescopes to investigate many questions. What is one question the Keck telescopes would NOT help scientists answer?

What is the core of Saturn made of?

What is the weather on Neptune?

What other solar systems have planets?

Study Island Space Exploration

Authored by Charles Martinez

Science

8th Grade

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28 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between galaxies and stars?

A galaxy contains many stars.

A star contains many galaxies.

A star contains only one galaxy.

A galaxy contains only one star.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Which list correctly orders the celestial bodies from smallest to largest?

Earth, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System

Earth, Solar System, Milky Way Galaxy

Solar System, Milky Way Galaxy, Earth

Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Earth

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

What is a light-year and why do scientists use it?

A light-year is the distance light travels in one year and is used to measure very small distances.

A light-year is the distance light travels in one year and is used to measure very large distances.

A light-year is the time it takes light to travel from the Sun to Earth and is used to measure very small distances.

A light-year is the time it takes light to travel from the Sun to Earth and is used to measure very large distances.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Which sequence correctly puts the colors of stars in order from coldest to hottest?

blue, white, red, yellow

yellow, red, white, blue

red, yellow, white, blue

red, white, blue, yellow

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

If it takes 4 days to travel to the moon, how long would you expect it to take to travel to Mars?

six hours

six days

six months

six years

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

An astronomer studies an image taken by a satellite in space and sees an area of gas, dust, and many stars distributed along spiral arms. What is the astronomer most likely seeing?

a comet

a galaxy

a solar system

an asteroid belt

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Based on the information on the graph, which statement is correct?

The more massive a planet is, the lower its orbital velocity.

The more massive a planet is, the higher its orbital velocity.

The closer a planet is to the Sun, the lower its orbital velocity.

The farther a planet is to the Sun, the lower its orbital velocity.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

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