Chapter 14 The Origin of Life

This experiment was conducted by the scientists:

• Stanley Miller and Harold Urey
• Harold Urey and Albert Einstein
• Louis Pasteur and Francesco Redi
• James Watson and Francis Crick

Which question were the scientists trying to answer with this experiment?

• Where do cells come from?
• How did prokaryotes form cell membranes?
• How are biomolecules formed?
• What gave rise to the Eukaryotic cell?

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The apparatus in the experiment was used to mimic what?

• Proteins
• Present Earth conditions
• Early Earth conditions
• Nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)

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The electrical sparks mimicked?

• The Sun's energy
• Lightning
• Volcanic eruptions
• Cosmic radiation

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Miller/Urey and other scientists have shown that:

•  Life on early Earth required material from space
• Cells survived in the primitive atmosphere
• Amino acids could be produced from inorganic molecules 
• Simple cells can be produced in a laboratory

Which type of cell came first?

• Eukaryotic
• Prokaryotic
• Plant
• Both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells evolved around the same time

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The theory of Endosymbiosis explains...

• The origin of eukaryotes
• How species develop
• How bacteria evolved
• Why cells rely on one another

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RNA World Theory states that ...

• Life came from RNA
• Life came from life
• Life came from non living things
• Life came from outer space

The diagram below shows a proposed theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells, called endosymbiosis.

Which of the following explains why cells that contained mitochondria-like organelles had an evolutionary advantage?

• They were able to photosynthesize

• They had more DNA

• They were able to make more use of available energy

• They were immune to bacterial invasion.

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What gas was necessary for complex (eukaryotic) life to evolve?

• Carbon dioxide
• Oxygen
• Dihydrogen monoxide
• Methane

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