Medical Detectives Outbreak

A set of criteria that are used to establish cause-and-effect relationships based on observational studies.

• Case Control Study

• Bradford-Hill Criteria

• Cohort Study

• Experimental Design

For an investigation of an outbreak, what is the logical first step of the investigation?

• Generate hypotheses

• Confirm that the number of cases exceeds the expected number

• Conduct active surveillance for additional cases

• Analyze data by time, place, and person

10 cases of cancer diagnosed over 2 years among residents of a single neighborhood (previous data not available)

• Cluster

• Epidemic

• Outbreak

• Endemic

The key feature of an analytic (epidemiologic) study is

• Analysis by time, place, and person

• Calculation of a risk ratio or odds ratio

• Use of Epi Info to analyze the data

• Presence of a comparison group

A case where many factors point to diagnosis but may lack lab verification is called

• confirmed

• probable

• possible

• not a case

A histogram showing the course of the disease or outbreak to identify the source of the exposure is called

• Attack rate

• Epi curve

• Outbreak chart

• 2 x 2 table

A cohort study can be retrospective or prospective

• True

• false

A study that is based on exposure status regardless of whether outcome is known or not is called

• case-control

• cohort

• experiemental

• randomized control trial

The rate that a group experienced an outcome or illness

• Incidence

• Prevelance

• Attack Rate

• Odds Ratio

Works backward from effect or illness (case) to suspected

cause (exposure).

• case control study

• cohort study

• randomized control trial

• experimental study