Quiz about Rock Classification, Cycle and Minerals

Question 1

__________ sedimentary rocks form when chemicals in water come out of the water and form solids.

Accepted Answer

Chemical (or nonclastic)

Answer

Clastic

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Igneous

Question 2

The root words "______" mean change.

Accepted Answer

meta and MORPH

Answer

beta and POWER

Answer

alpha and GEO

Answer

rock and CYCLO

Question 3

Granite is an example of a ___________ rock.

Accepted Answer

intrusive

Answer

extrusive

Question 4

Obsidian is an example of _______________ rock.

Accepted Answer

extrusive

Answer

intrusive

Question 5

Natural gas and petroleum are found in ___________ rock layers.

Accepted Answer

sedimentary

Answer

igneous

Answer

metamorphic

Answer

all

Question 6

Limestone becomes _________ when temperature and pressure increase!

Accepted Answer

marble

Answer

granite

Answer

sandstone

Answer

feldspar

Question 7

_________ metamorphism occurs when magma or lava comes in contact with, or touches, surrounding rock.

Accepted Answer

Contact

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Regional

Question 8

Clastic rocks are classified by the size of the __________ that form them.

Accepted Answer

sediments

Answer

metamorphic rocks

Answer

plates

Answer

igneous rocks

Question 9

The two main types of sedimentary rocks are ___________ and _________.

Accepted Answer

chemical (nonclastic), clastic

Answer

sedimentary, metamorphic

Answer

igneous, metamorphic

Answer

heat, pressure

Question 10

Once magma is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called __________.

Accepted Answer

lava

Answer

magma

Answer

deposition

Answer

sediments

Question 11

This type of igneous rock has medium to large crystals when it forms.

Accepted Answer

Intrusive

Answer

Extrusive

Question 12

This type of igneous rock has little or no crystals when it forms.

Accepted Answer

Extrusive

Answer

Intrusive

Question 13

Limestone often contains ___________.

Accepted Answer

fossils

Answer

gold

Answer

diamonds

Answer

feldspar

Question 14

What are the 3 major types of rocks?

Accepted Answer

Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary

Answer

Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation

Answer

Brown, Red, Gray

Answer

Streak, Hardness, Breakage

Question 15

This rock was formed when magma cooled very slowly inside the Earth. What specific type of rock is it?

Accepted Answer

Intrusive Igneous Rock

Answer

Extrusive Igneous Rock

Answer

Foliated Metamorphic Rock

Answer

Clastic Sedimentary Rock

Question 16

The Mohs Scale can be applied to rocks as well as minerals. Why? What property of rock is being observed when looking for whether or not it scratches other rocks and minerals?

Accepted Answer

hardness

Answer

cleavage

Answer

luster

Answer

streak

Question 17

This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Igneous

Answer

Metamorphic

Question 18

What property of rock is being observed when looking for how easily it breaks or splits evenly?

Accepted Answer

cleavage

Answer

luster

Answer

hardness

Answer

streak

Question 19

Large rocks can be broken down into smaller rocks by wind and water.  These small rocks can break down into very tiny pieces called _______.

Accepted Answer

sediments

Answer

minerals

Answer

pebbles

Answer

chalk

Question 20

What will happen if an igneous rock is put under an extreme amount of heat and pressure?

Accepted Answer

it will become a metamorphic rock

Answer

it will melt into lava

Answer

it will weather and erode

Answer

it will become a sedimentary

Question 21

When molten rock undergoes crystallization (cools, hardens, & grows crystals) above ground, what type of rock results?

Accepted Answer

Extrusive igneous rock

Answer

Intrusive igneous rock

Answer

Metamorphic rock

Answer

Sedimentary rock

Question 22

What combination of processes can transform (change) a metamorphic rock to sediments?

Accepted Answer

Exposure, weathering, and erosion.

Answer

Erosion, crystallization, and melting.

Answer

Heating, pressure, and lithification.

Answer

Melting, crystallization, and compaction.

Question 23

According to the rock cycle, which of the following transitions are possible? Assume an unlimited number of steps.

Accepted Answer

All of the above are possible.

Answer

An intrusive igneous rock becomes a sedimentary rock.

Answer

A sedimentary rock becomes soil.

Answer

A metamorphic rock becomes an extrusive igneous rock.

Question 24

If you examine a rock sample and observe (see) fossils in it, what type of rock does the sample represent?

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Igneous

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Fossils are found in several of the types listed above.

Question 25

The location marked by the black rectangle is characterized by high temperature and pressure. What rock type would most likely be formed in this location?

Accepted Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Igneous

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

None of the above

Question 26

Which of the rock samples below is most likely to be a metamorphic rock?

Accepted Answer

Sample D

Answer

Sample A

Answer

Sample B

Answer

Sample C

Question 27

Sedimentary rocks are formed by

Accepted Answer

Compacting and cementing

Answer

Cooling of lava or magma

Answer

Heat and pressure

Question 28

What is deposition?

Accepted Answer

Pieces of sediment come to rest on a surface

Answer

Movement of sediment

Answer

Breaking down of sediment

Question 29

Small pieces of rock are also called

Accepted Answer

sediment

Answer

coal

Answer

organic matter

Answer

erosion

Question 30

The process of layers become stuck together forming sedimentary rocks

Accepted Answer

cementation

Answer

sticking

Answer

pressuring

Answer

deposition

Question 31

Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical.
Sandstone

Accepted Answer

Clastic

Answer

Organic

Answer

Chemical

Question 32

Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical.
Limestone made from shells

Accepted Answer

Organic

Answer

Clastic

Answer

Chemical

Question 33

Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical.
Conglomerate

Accepted Answer

Clastic

Answer

Organic

Answer

Chemical

Question 34

Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical.
Coal

Accepted Answer

Organic

Answer

Clastic

Answer

Chemical

Question 35

Classify each sedimentary rock as either Clastic, Organic, or Chemical.
Shale

Accepted Answer

Clastic

Answer

Organic

Answer

Chemical

Question 36

What must happen to a metamorphic rock before it becomes a sedimentary rock rock?

Accepted Answer

It must be broken down into sediment

Answer

It must be melted into magma

Answer

Its minerals must dissolve in water

Answer

It must be exposed to high temperature and pressure

Question 37

These rocks are often foliated, meaning they have layers.

Accepted Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Sediment

Answer

Igneous

Question 38

Fossil fuels are formed in sedimentary rocks when _____________ forces out all of the water and air in the layer.

Accepted Answer

compaction

Answer

cementation

Answer

heat

Answer

pressure

Question 39

The oldest layer in sedimentary rock can be found where?

Accepted Answer

At the bottom

Answer

At the top

Answer

In the middle

Answer

In France

Question 40

Which of these is needed to create fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

All of these

Answer

Lots of pressure

Answer

Heat from within the Earth

Answer

Millions of years

Question 41

The top layer of sediments in a sedimentary rocks is...

Accepted Answer

The newest and youngest layer.

Answer

The oldest layer.

Answer

The only layer that is made from pebbles.

Answer

The second layer of sediments.

Question 42

Which of the following is not a sediment in sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

Shells

Answer

Bits of sand

Answer

Crushed pieces of granite

Answer

Tiny pieces slate

Question 43

Has large crystals because of slow cooling

Accepted Answer

intrusive igneous rock

Answer

sedimentary rock

Answer

metamorphic rock

Answer

extrusive igneous rock

Question 44

Has small or no crystals because of rapid cooling

Accepted Answer

extrusive igneous

Answer

sedimentary

Answer

metamorphic

Answer

intrusive igneous

Question 45

Has wavy bands.

Accepted Answer

metamorphic rock

Answer

sedimentary rock

Answer

extrusive igneous rock

Answer

intrusive igneous rock

Question 46

Contains fossils.

Accepted Answer

sedimentary rocks

Answer

metamorphic rocks

Answer

extrusive igneous rocks

Answer

intrusive igneous rocks

Question 47

A metamorphic rock in which the grains line up in parallel bands is a

Accepted Answer

Foliated Rock

Answer

Clastic Rock

Answer

Nonclastic Rock

Answer

Nonfoliated Rock

Question 48

If heat and pressure inside the Earth cause a rock to melt, the material that formed would be

Accepted Answer

Magma

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Igneous

Question 49

The parent rock of Gneiss is

Accepted Answer

Granite

Answer

Marble

Answer

Obsidian

Answer

Biotite

Question 50

The three groups of rocks are classified by

Accepted Answer

How they form

Answer

Color

Answer

Grain size

Answer

Chemical Composition

Question 51

Fossils are only found in

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary rocks

Answer

Foliated Metamorphic rocks

Answer

Igneous Rocks

Answer

Nonfoliated Metamorphic rocks

Question 52

This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Igneous

Answer

Metamorphic

Question 53

When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

Compaction

Answer

Cementation

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 54

The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.

Accepted Answer

cementation

Answer

compaction

Answer

deposition

Answer

organic rock

Question 55

The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called

Accepted Answer

weathering

Answer

erosion

Answer

sediments

Question 56

Deposition & lithification or compacting & cementing produce

Accepted Answer

sedimentary rocks

Answer

igneous rocks

Answer

metamorphic rocks

Question 57

Cooling & crystalization produce

Accepted Answer

igneous rocks

Answer

metamorphic rocks

Answer

sedimentary rocks

Question 58

The root wood "igni-" or "ign-" means

Accepted Answer

fire

Answer

air

Answer

change

Answer

water

Question 59

Think about everything you have learned so far about cycles on Earth. Do parts of the Earth move under its surface in the crust and mantle?

Accepted Answer

Yes

Answer

No

Question 60

Why are sedimentary rocks the only classification of rock in which it is possible to find fossils? Choose TWO correct answers.

Accepted Answer

Because metamorphic rocks form at temperatures between 100 C and 800 C, and the heat would destroy and deform the fossils.

Accepted Answer

Because igneous rocks are formed from molten rock, and temperatures hot enough to melt rocks into minerals would burn the fossils.

Answer

Because sedimentary rocks stay on the surface where they form, and that is where the dead plants and animals are.

Answer

Because sedimentary rocks form in water, and water is essential for all living things on Earth.

Question 61

Which of the following may be non-clastic sedimentary rocks? Choose two correct answers!

Accepted Answer

chemical

Accepted Answer

organic

Answer

classy

Answer

halite

Question 62

What would non-foliated metamorphic rocks look like?

Accepted Answer

Their mineral crystals are not separated into bands, but are chunks with an even appearance of crystals.

Answer

They have distinct bands of mineral crystal bands.

Answer

They are much prettier than foliated metamorphic rocks.

Question 63

What is the correct order in this diagram of deposition and sedimentary rock formation?

Accepted Answer

3, 2, 1, 4

Answer

1, 2, 3, 4

Answer

4, 3, 2, 1

Answer

1, A, 2, B

Question 64

Look at this diagram of potential metamorphism. In which layer is it IMPOSSIBLE for metamorphic rocks to form?

Accepted Answer

Layer A

Answer

Layer B

Answer

Layer C

Answer

Layer D

Rock Classification, Cycle and Minerals

65 questions

__________ sedimentary rocks form when chemicals in water come out of the water and form solids.

The root words "______" mean change.

Granite is an example of a ___________ rock.

Obsidian is an example of _______________ rock.

Natural gas and petroleum are found in ___________ rock layers.

Limestone becomes _________ when temperature and pressure increase!

_________ metamorphism occurs when magma or lava comes in contact with, or touches, surrounding rock.

Clastic rocks are classified by the size of the __________ that form them.

The two main types of sedimentary rocks are ___ and _.

Once magma is exposed at Earth's surface, it is called __________.

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