Quiz about Georgia Milestones Review Physical Science

Question 1

S8P1a Which is an example of a mixture?

Accepted Answer

a blueberry muffin

Answer

water

Answer

hydrogen gas

Answer

a spoon made of the element silver

Question 2

S8P1a Which of the following is an example of a pure substance?

Accepted Answer

a sample of oxygen gas

Answer

a solution of sugar water

Answer

a mixture of pasta and sauce

Answer

an alloy of iron and carbon

Question 3

S8P1a Ammonia can be represented by the chemical formula NH₃. Which of the following best describes ammonia?

Accepted Answer

a compound

Answer

an atom

Answer

an element

Answer

a mixture

Question 4

S8P1a An unknown substance is provided in a science class. It consists of particles that are different colors and different sizes. The particles are unevenly distributed throughout the substance. The substance is ___________.

Accepted Answer

a heterogeneous mixture

Answer

an element

Answer

a compound

Answer

a homogeneous mixture

Question 5

S8P1a A diagram of a particle is shown above. The particle is most likely _________.

Accepted Answer

a molecule

Answer

an atom

Answer

a homogeneous mixture

Answer

a heterogeneous mixture

Question 6

S8P1e Which are the name and atomic number for the element?

Accepted Answer

Potassium and 19

Answer

K and 19

Answer

K and 39.098

Answer

Potassium and 39.098

Question 7

S8P1e An atom of the element has how many protons?

Accepted Answer

19

Answer

18

Answer

39

Answer

58

Question 8

S8P1e Which of the following could be the chemical symbol representing the element cobalt?

Accepted Answer

Co

Answer

co

Answer

CO

Answer

Cob

Question 9

S8P1e The model shows a neutral atom. How many protons are in this atom?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

2

Answer

5

Answer

9

Question 10

S8P1e In which period, or row, of the periodic table would you find this element?

Accepted Answer

Period 2

Answer

Period 4

Answer

Period 6

Answer

Period 7

Question 11

S8P1b Which type of arrangment and movement would particles of mercury display?

Accepted Answer

Particles are close together but they are able to slip past one another

Answer

Particles closely packed together and they vibrate back and forth

Answer

Particles are spread far apart and they move quickly

Answer

Particles are spread far apart and electrons are detached from atoms

Question 12

S8P1b In which state of matter do particles spread and fill the volume of the container that holds them?

Accepted Answer

gas

Answer

ice

Answer

solid

Answer

liquid

Question 13

S8P1b How is plasma different from gas?

Accepted Answer

Electrons separate from atoms in plasma

Answer

Plasma has a definite shape, but gas does not

Answer

Gas is hotter than plasma

Answer

Gas has a definite volume, but plasma does not

Question 14

S8P1c A scientist performs an investigation in which thermal energy is removed from a sample of a substance. When the substance begins to change from a gas to a liquid, the scientist measures the temperature of the substance. This temperature is the substance's _______

Accepted Answer

condensation point

Answer

melting point

Answer

freezing point

Answer

evaporation point

Question 15

S8P1cd Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

carbon joining with oxygen to form carbon dioxide

Answer

water evaporating

Answer

ice cream melting

Answer

salt dissolving in water to form a solution

Question 16

S8P1cd What happens during a physical change?

Accepted Answer

the form of a substance changes but not its identity

Answer

new substances are formed

Answer

the identity of the substance is changed

Answer

a chemical reaction occurs

Question 17

S8P1cd When enough heat is added to liquid water, it boils, and bubbles of water vapor rise to the surface and into the air. Which type of change is this and why?

Accepted Answer

a physical change, because the substance changes state

Answer

a chemical change because gas is produced

Answer

a chemical change because heat is produced

Answer

a physical change because the identity fo the substance changes

Question 18

S8P1cd A sample of aluminum has a volume of 3.0 cm³ and a mass of 8.1g. Which is the density of aluminum?

Accepted Answer

2.7 g/cm3

Answer

5.1 g

Answer

11.1 cm3

Answer

24.3 g/cm³

Question 19

S8P1f According to the law of conservation of matter, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

In a chemical reactions, the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products

Answer

In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is greater than the total mass of the products.

Answer

In a chemical reaction, elements change into other elements, but new matter is not created

Answer

In a chemical reaction, matter cannot change form, but new matter can be created

Question 20

S8P1f Look at the incomplete chemical equation: Ca + Cl₂ --> ?

The reactants are shown. How many chlorine (Cl) atoms must be present in the product that forms this reaction?

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

1

Answer

3

Answer

4

Question 21

S8P1f During a chemical reaction, methane (CH₄) and oxygen (O₂) combine to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O). The balanced chemical equation identifies the reactants and products for this reaction, along with some of their masses.

CH₄ + 2O₂ --> CO₂ + 2H₂0

16g + ? --> 44g + 36 g

Which mass of oxygen (O₂) is required for this reaction to occur?

Accepted Answer

64 g

Answer

16 g

Answer

36 g

Answer

44 g

Question 22

S8P3a What is the runner's average speed?

Accepted Answer

4 m/s

Answer

1/4 m/s

Answer

10 m/s

Answer

40 m/s

Question 23

S8P3a If the runner continues at the same speed, how far will the runner travel in 30 seconds?

Accepted Answer

120 meters

Answer

7.5 meter

Answer

40 meters

Answer

80 meters

Question 24

S8P3a Which data table represents an object that is decelerating?

Accepted Answer

Option B is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

C.

Answer

D.

Question 25

S8P3b A rocket is traveling through the atmosphere at a constant velocity. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The rocket's engine is producing an unbalanced force that keeps the rocket in the air.

Answer

All the forces acting on the rocket are balanced

Answer

The rocket exerts a greater force on its exhaust gases than the gases exert on the rocket

Answer

The rocket is moving, so some net force must be acting on it

Question 26

S8P3b Student A and Student B are each standing on a skateboard. Student A pushes gently on Student B to start her moving. Student B starts moving away from Student A. What will happen to Student A and why?

Accepted Answer

Student A will move away from Student B, because an equal and opposite force pushes on her

Answer

Student A will not move, because no forces are acting on her

Answer

Student A will move toward Student B, because the same force affects both of them

Answer

Student A will immediately stop moving because of friction

Question 27

S8P3c How is an object's mass related to the force needed to accelerate the object?

Accepted Answer

The greater the mass, the greater the force needed

Answer

Mass determines the direction of the force needed

Answer

Mass determines the kind of force needed

Answer

The smaller the mass, the greater the force needed

Question 28

S8P5a Two objects move away from each other. What happens to the gravitational attraction between them?

Accepted Answer

It decreases

Answer

It increases

Answer

It becomes zero

Answer

It does not change

Question 29

S8P5a Which of the following statements about gravitational fields is true?

Accepted Answer

Any object that has a mass is surrounded by a gravitational field

Answer

Gravitational fields affect objects only when two objects are touching

Answer

Gravitational fields affect objects only if the objects are not in contact

Answer

Only very massive objects, such as Earth, are surrounded by a gravitational field

Question 30

S8P3b When a rocket attempts to launch, its engine exerts a force downward. The rocket will not launch until the force of the engine is greater than the weight of the rocket. Why?

Accepted Answer

The force of the engine must be greater than the force of gravity to produce a net force upward.

Answer

The forces must be equal and balanced for the rocket to move

Answer

The force of the engine must be twice as strong as the force of gravity for the rocket to move

Answer

The rocket must move at a constant velocity to take off

Question 31

S8P3b If an object falls far enough, it will reach terminal velocity. At this velocity, the force of air resistance is equal to the force of gravity on the object. The forces on the falling object are balanced. What will happen to the object and why?

Accepted Answer

The object will fall at a constant velocity because the forces on it are balanced

Answer

The object will accelerate toward the ground because gravity is pulling on it

Answer

The object will hover in midair because the forces on it are balanced

Answer

The object will decelerate until it reaches a full stop at the ground

Question 32

S8P5abc Two balloons are rubbed with a wool cloth. When the balloons are held near one another, they push away from each other. Why does this happen?

Accepted Answer

The balloons have the same electric charge, so they repel each other

Answer

The balloons have the same magnetic charge, so they repel each other

Answer

The balloons have opposite magnetic charges, so they repel each other

Answer

The balloons have opposite charges, so they repel each other

Question 33

S8P5abc Which of the following is evidence that a magnetic field surrounds a magnet?

Accepted Answer

When the north poles of two magnets are brought near each other, they push apart without touching

Answer

When a paper clip is placed on a bar magnet, it sticks to the magnet

Answer

When a magnet is placed on a metal surface, it sticks to the surface.

Answer

When you touch a metal doorknob, sometimes you receive a shock

Question 34

S8P5abc A magnet sticks to a table leg. Based on this information, which material could the table leg be made of?

Accepted Answer

iron

Answer

wood

Answer

copper

Answer

aluminum

Question 35

S8P5abc Two negatively charged particles are 1 millimeter apart. The electric force between them is 20 newtons. How will the amount of electric force between the particles change if the particles move closer together?

Accepted Answer

The electric force will increase

Answer

The electric force will decrease

Answer

The electric force will stay the same

Answer

The electric force will disappear

Question 36

S8P5ac Which material could be used for the core of an electromagnet?

Accepted Answer

a nickel rod

Answer

a wooden rod

Answer

a vial of water

Answer

a plastic rod

Question 37

S8P5ac What does the iron core of an electromagnet do?

Accepted Answer

It produces a magnetic field that adds to the overall magnetic field of the electromagnet

Answer

It acts as a conductor, allowing more current to flow through the electromagnet

Answer

It acts as an insulator, protecting people from electric shocks

Answer

It produces the electric current that passes through the wire coil.

Question 38

S8P5ac An engineer built a device. The main part of the device is a bicycle attached by wires to a light bulb. When the engineer pedals the bicycle, the light bulb lights up. How can the device best be classified?

Accepted Answer

as a generator

Answer

as a motor

Answer

as an electromagnet

Answer

as an armature

Question 39

S8P5ac A student built a simple fan using an electromagnet, a permanent magnet, and a fan blade. When she connects the electromagnet to a single dry-cell battery, the fan blade turns. How would the student's fan most likely change if she connected it to two dry-cell batteries?

Accepted Answer

The fan blade would turn faster

Answer

The fan blade would turn slower

Answer

The fan would turn in the opposite direction

Answer

The fan would not turn at all

Question 40

S8P2b At which point does the pendulum have the greatest potential energy?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 41

S8P2b At which point does the pendulum have the greatest kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

D

Question 42

S8P2a Four objects are on a shelf 1.5 meters above the ground: a 350 gram trophy, a 100 gram picture frame, a 225 gram book, and a 600 gram vase. Which object has the most potential energy?

Accepted Answer

vase

Answer

book

Answer

trophy

Answer

picture frame

Question 43

S8P2b A student throws a ball straight up. What happens to the ball's energy as it rises?

Accepted Answer

The kinetic energy of the ball changes into potential energy as the ball rises

Answer

The kinetic energy and potential energy of the ball do not change as it rises

Answer

The potential energy of the ball changes into kinetic energy as the ball rises

Answer

The kinetic energy of the ball decreases as it rises, but its potential energy does not change.

Question 44

S8P2c Which of the following is a form of potential energy?

Accepted Answer

chemical energy

Answer

sound energy

Answer

thermal energy

Answer

mechanical energy

Question 45

S8P2b A motor uses the magnetic field produced by an electric current to spin an armature. What kind of transformation takes place inside a motor?

Accepted Answer

electrical energy transforms to mechanical energy

Answer

chemical energy transforms to magnetic energy

Answer

thermal energy transforms to electrical energy

Answer

gravitational energy transforms to chemical energy

Question 46

S8P2b Which of the following is the best example of a form of kinetic energy being transformed into a form of potential energy?

Accepted Answer

In a generator, an armature spinning in a magnetic field produces and electric current

Answer

During photosynthesis, plants use light from the sun to build sugar molecules

Answer

During combustion, fuel, such as wood or oil, is broken down chemically to produce heat and light

Answer

In a battery, a chemical reaction releases electrons that can flow as electric current

Question 47

S8P2c Which of the following is not a source of stored chemical energy that can be turned into a form of kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

the nucleus of an atom

Answer

a battery in a toy car

Answer

food

Answer

fossil fuels

Question 48

S8P2d In which direction does heat move?

Accepted Answer

from warmer areas to cooler areas

Answer

from cooler areas to warmer areas

Answer

between areas of equal temperature

Question 49

S8P2d A metal spoon is placed in a pot of boiling water. Why does the spoon become hot over time?

Accepted Answer

Particles in the water collide with particles in the spoon, which then strike other particles in the spoon, transferring energy

Answer

Currents of hot matter travel up the spoon from the water

Answer

Light shining on the spoon causes it to become as hot as the water

Answer

Microwaves emitted by the hot water are absorbed by the spoon and transformed into thermal energy

Question 50

S8P2d How is convection different from conduction?

Accepted Answer

Convection takes place only in liquids and gases, but conduction transfers heat in solids as well

Answer

Convection can transfer heat through a vacuum, but conduction cannot

Answer

Conduction can transfer heat through a vacuum, but convection cannot

Answer

Convection takes place only in solids, but conduction transfers heat in liquids and gases as well

Question 51

S8P2d Which is an example of heat transfer through radiation?

Accepted Answer

Light from a fire shines on objects, which absorb the light and transform it into thermal energy

Answer

A fire consumes oxygen in air to produce ash and smoke

Answer

A fire heats a pot, which transfers heat to beans in the pot

Answer

A fire heats the air around it, which moves out from the fire in currents of warm air

Question 52

S8P4a Which statement about waves is true?

Accepted Answer

All waves transmit energy

Answer

All waves travel through a medium

Answer

All waves contain crests and troughs

Answer

All waves contain compressions and rarefactions

Question 53

S8P4f Wave A and Wave B have the same frequency and wavelength. Wave A has a greater amplitude than Wave B. Which statement best compares the two waves?

Accepted Answer

Wave A has more energy than Wave B

Answer

Wave B has more energy than Wave A

Answer

Wave B transmits energy through matter, while Wave A does not

Answer

Wave A transmits energy through matter, while Wave B does not

Question 54

S8P4a Which waves contain compressions and rarefactions?

Accepted Answer

longitudinal waves

Answer

transverse waves

Answer

electromagnetic waves

Answer

all waves

Question 55

S8P4f A bell and a siren are producing sound waves. The sound wave produced by the bell has a low frequency. The sound wave produced by the siren has a high frequency. Based on this information, which of the following must be true?

Accepted Answer

The sound wave produced by the bell has a longer wavelength than the sound wave produced by the siren

Answer

The sound wave produced by the bell has a shorter wavelength than the sound wave produced by the siren

Answer

The sound wave produced by the bell has a higher amplitude than the sound wave produced by the siren

Answer

The sound wave produced by the bell has a lower amplitude than the sound wave produced by the siren

Question 56

S8P4f A musician is playing an electric guitar. She turns a knob to increase the amplitude of the sound wave produced. How does the sound change?

Accepted Answer

the volume increases

Answer

the pitch increases

Answer

the pitch decreases

Answer

the volume decreases

Question 57

S8P4a What kind of wave is a sound wave?

Accepted Answer

longitudinal wave

Answer

electromagnetic wave

Answer

transverse wave

Answer

air wave

Question 58

S8P4d A student yells from one side of Canyon A and records the time it takes to hear an echo. The student repeats the process for Canyon B. The time recorded for Canyon B is longer than for Canyon A. Which is the most likely conclusion based on this information?

Accepted Answer

The distance across Canyon A is shorter than the distance across Canyon B

Answer

The rock in Canyon A is denser than the rock in Canyon B

Answer

The rock in Canyon A is stiffer than the rock in Canyon B

Answer

The distance across Canyon A is longer than the distance across Canyon B

Question 59

S8P4e In which medium would sound waves travel fastest?

Accepted Answer

solid iron

Answer

nitrogen gas

Answer

liquid kerosene

Answer

liquid water

Question 60

S8P4a How do electromagnetic waves differ from mechanical waves?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical waves need a medium through which to travel, but electromagnetic waves do not

Answer

Mechanical waves have crests and troughs, but electromagnetic waves do not

Answer

Electromagnetic waves come in many types, but mechanical waves are all the same

Answer

Electromagnetic waves carry energy, while mechanical waves carry matter

Question 61

S8P4b The chart above shows the range of wavelengths for different types of electromagnetic waves. Use the data in the chart to answer the question: Which of the waves transmits the least energy?

Accepted Answer

visible light

Answer

gamma rays

Answer

x-rays

Answer

ultraviolet light

Question 62

S8P4c A scientist exposes a sample of the mineral fluorite to EM waves, causing the fluorite to glow. Which kind of EM wave did the scientist use?

Accepted Answer

ultraviolet light

Answer

visible light

Answer

radio waves

Answer

microwaves

Question 63

S8P4c Both gamma rays and x-rays

Accepted Answer

can harm living cells

Answer

can be seen by humans

Answer

are commonly used in communication

Answer

require matter in order to transmit energy

Question 64

S8P4c Which kinds of EM waves are you most likely to experience while sitting at a campfire?

Accepted Answer

infrared light and visible light

Answer

microwaves and infrared light

Answer

visible light and ultraviolet light

Answer

ultraviolet light and x rays

Georgia Milestones Review Physical Science

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