Quiz about Science Unit 2 Review

Question 1

What are the three types of earthquakes by depth?

Accepted Answer

Shallow-focus, intermediate-focus, deep-focus

Answer

Minor, major, catastrophic

Answer

Tectonic, volcanic, collapse

Answer

Surface-level, mid-level, underground

Question 2

What are the three types of earthquake waves?

Accepted Answer

Primary waves, Secondary waves, Surface waves

Answer

Tsunami waves

Answer

Seismic waves

Answer

Ocean waves

Question 3

What are the three scales used to describe an earthquake's strength?

Accepted Answer

Richter scale, Moment Magnitude scale, Modified Mercalli Intensity scale

Answer

Seismic Intensity scale

Answer

Tsunami Magnitude scale

Answer

Earthquake Severity scale

Question 4

What is the belt where over half of the world's active volcanoes are found?

Accepted Answer

Ring of Fire

Answer

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Answer

Himalayan Belt

Answer

Great Rift Valley

Question 5

What two main factors determine the violence of an eruption?

Accepted Answer

Viscosity of magma and gas content.

Answer

Temperature of the environment and altitude

Answer

Type of rock surrounding the volcano

Answer

Frequency of earthquakes in the area

Question 6

What are the major types of solid ejecta?

Accepted Answer

The major types of solid ejecta are volcanic ash, pyroclasts, and lapilli

Answer

Meteorite fragments

Answer

Lava flows

Answer

Earthquake debris

Question 7

What is a superheated cloud of gas and volcanic ash that travels down a volcano's slope as an avalanche?

Accepted Answer

pyroclastic flow

Answer

volcanic eruption

Answer

lava flow

Answer

ash cloud

Question 8

What is the scale used to measure the violence of a volcanic eruption?

Accepted Answer

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI)

Answer

Richter Scale

Answer

Moment Magnitude Scale

Answer

Tsunami Intensity Scale

Question 9

What are the four types of igneous intrusions?

Accepted Answer

Batholiths, laccolith, Dikes, Sills

Answer

Sedimentary layers

Answer

Volcanic ash

Answer

Lava flows

Question 10

What is the difference between a fault and fold?

Accepted Answer

A fault involves displacement of rock along a fracture, while a fold involves bending of rock layers.

Answer

A fault is a type of fold that occurs under high pressure.

Answer

A fold is a fracture in the rock that causes displacement.

Answer

A fault and a fold are the same geological feature.

Question 11

How does one read a topographic map?

Accepted Answer

To read a topographic map, interpret contour lines for elevation, understand the scale, and use symbols for features.

Answer

Symbols on the map represent only wildlife sightings.

Answer

Topographic maps are only used for hiking trails.

Answer

Contour lines indicate water flow direction.

Question 12

How does the elastic rebound theory explain the occurrence of earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

The elastic rebound theory explains that earthquakes occur when accumulated stress in rocks exceeds their strength, leading to a sudden release of energy along faults.

Answer

Earthquakes occur only due to human activities like mining and drilling.

Answer

The elastic rebound theory states that rocks remain unchanged under stress.

Answer

Earthquakes are caused by volcanic eruptions releasing gas.

Question 13

What is the difference between a seismograph and a seismogram?

Accepted Answer

A seismograph is the device that records seismic activity; a seismogram is the resulting record of that activity.

Answer

A seismograph measures the intensity of earthquakes; a seismogram shows the location of the epicenter.

Answer

A seismogram is the device that records seismic activity; a seismograph is the resulting record of that activity.

Answer

A seismograph is used for predicting earthquakes; a seismogram is used for analyzing weather patterns.

Question 14

How do fixed-based systems and based-isolated systems help prevent earthquake damage?

Accepted Answer

Fixed-based systems provide stability but the building takes the impact of the quake, while base-isolated systems decouple buildings from ground motion to absorb shocks.

Answer

Base-isolated systems increase the weight of the building to resist shaking.

Answer

Fixed-based systems allow buildings to sway freely during an earthquake.

Answer

Fixed-based systems are designed to collapse during seismic events.

Question 15

Describe the structure of a typical volcano.

Accepted Answer

A typical volcano has a magma chamber, main vent, crater, and cone.

Answer

A volcano is just a large hole in the ground with no defined shape.

Answer

A typical volcano consists of a flat surface and no internal structure.

Answer

Volcanoes are primarily made of water and do not have a magma chamber.

Question 16

What is an active volcano?

Accepted Answer

An active volcano is one that has erupted recently and is expected to erupt again.

Answer

A volcano that has never erupted before.

Answer

A volcano that has been dormant for thousands of years.

Answer

A volcano that is currently erupting.

Question 17

What is a dormant volcano?

Accepted Answer

A dormant volcano is one that has not erupted for a significant period but could potentially erupt again.

Answer

A dormant volcano is one that has been completely inactive and will never erupt again.

Answer

A dormant volcano is one that has erupted recently and is expected to erupt again soon.

Answer

A dormant volcano is one that is currently erupting and shows no signs of stopping.

Question 18

What is an extinct volcano?

Accepted Answer

A volcano that is no longer active and unlikely to erupt again.

Answer

A volcano that is always active and erupts frequently.

Answer

A volcano that has erupted in the last year.

Answer

A volcano that is currently erupting.

Question 19

How do dikes form?

Accepted Answer

Dikes form as magma hardens in a vertical fissure

Answer

Dikes form from the erosion of sedimentary rocks.

Answer

Dikes are created by the accumulation of volcanic ash.

Answer

Dikes form when water levels rise and flood the land.

Question 20

How do sills form?

Accepted Answer

Sills form from the intrusion of magma that solidifies between existing rock layers.

Answer

Sills are formed by the erosion of surface rock layers.

Answer

Sills are created when sediment is deposited in water bodies.

Answer

Sills originate from volcanic eruptions that occur above ground.

Science Unit 2 Review

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