Kinetic Energy

Which of the following statements best explains the relationship between the kinetic energy of the ball and its speed?

• The kinetic energy of the ball increases over time as the ball travels at a constant speed.

• The kinetic energy of the ball increases as its speed increases.

• The kinetic energy of the ball decreases as its speed increases.

• The kinetic energy of the ball remains the same as its speed increases.

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Daniel and Robert went rowing. While Robert was rowing at a speed of 8 km/h, Daniel was rowing at a speed of 10 km/h in the opposite direction. If the masses of the boats and their rowers are equal, which of the following is a true statement about their kinetic energies?

• Only Robert has kinetic energy because he is rowing in the forward direction.

• Robert has more kinetic energy than Daniel.

• Daniel has more kinetic energy than Robert.

• Only Daniel has kinetic energy because his energy cancels out Robert’s.

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Two motorboats are traveling down a river. Motorboat 1 has a mass of 6,000 kg, and motorboat 2 has a mass of 1,500 kg. The graph below shows the kinetic energies of the boats as they gain speed.

If both boats gain speed at the same rate, why does motorboat 1 have more kinetic energy?

• It sits up higher in the water.

• It has more mass.

• It encounters more air resistance.

• Its length is greater.

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The picture below shows John, Mark, and Erica on an elevator. The elevator is moving down from the 10th floor of a building to the 1st floor of the building. John's mass is 78 kilograms, Mark's mass is 31 kilograms, and Erica's mass is 54 kilograms. At any given moment when they are moving down with the elevator, which of the following statements is true?

• John has the most kinetic energy, and Mark has the least kinetic energy.

• Mark has the most kinetic energy, and Erica has the least kinetic energy.

• Mark has the most kinetic energy, and John has the least kinetic energy.

• Erica has the most kinetic energy, and Mark has the least kinetic energy.

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Francis throws the same ball three different times. The diagram below shows the top speed at which the ball traveled during each throw. Based on this information, which of the following statements is true?

• The ball had the same kinetic energy during all three throws.

• The ball had the most kinetic energy during the second throw.

• The ball had the most kinetic energy during the first throw.

• The ball had the most kinetic energy during the third throw.

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The following graph shows the kinetic energy of a roller coaster car as it passes through a loop.

What was the most likely cause for the rise in kinetic energy after 2.5 seconds?

• The roller coaster was pulled with decreasing gravitational force.

• The roller coaster began speeding up.

• The roller coaster started gaining elevation.

• The roller coaster began slowing down.

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A 15,000-kilogram truck and a 3,000-kilogram van are moving alongside one another on a road. The vehicles are moving at the same speed, and the speed of both vehicles is constant.

Which of the following statements is true about the vehicles?

• The truck has more kinetic energy than the van.

• The van has more kinetic energy than the truck.

• Neither vehicle has any kinetic energy.

• The vehicles have the same kinetic energy.

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Sam and Dean are at a bowling alley. Sam throws a bowling ball toward a set of bowling pins, and his ball moves at 25 km/hr. Dean throws an identical ball toward another set of bowling pins, and his ball moves at 22 km/hr. Since both bowling balls have the same mass, which of the following statements is true?

• Sam's ball has more kinetic energy than Dean's ball.

• Dean's ball has more kinetic energy than Sam's ball.

• Neither ball has any kinetic energy.

• The bowling balls have the same kinetic energy.

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A scientist is studying asteroid impacts in space. For his current study, he chose four asteroids, which are on the course of collision with other asteroids. The table given below summarizes the characteristics of the four asteroids.

Based on it, which asteroid has the greatest kinetic energy?

• asteroid X

• asteroid W

• asteroid Y

• asteroid Z

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Kyriece and Trinity are racing toy cars to learn about kinetic energy. The data that Kyriece and Trinity collected is shown below. Based on the data given in the tables, how could one of the cars have four times as much kinetic energy as another car?

• It could have double the mass or four times the speed.

• It could have double the mass or double the speed.

• It could have four times the mass or double the speed.

• It could have four times the mass or four times the speed.

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