Phylogeny and Cladistics

Which of the following list the following taxon in the correct order from biggest to smallest: (this will be SHORT ANSWER ON YOUR TEST)

• Domains

  Kingdoms

  Phylum

  Class

  Order

  Family

  Genus

  Species

• Species

  Genus

  Family

  Order

  Class

  Phylum

  Kingdoms

  Domains

• Domains

  Genus

  Phylum

  Order

  Class

  Family

  Kingdoms

  Species

• Domains

  Kingdoms

  Family

  Order

  Class

  Phylum

  Genus

  Species

According to paragraphs 6 and 7, we know that the phylogeny system — 

• groups organisms together into units called clades

• has phylogenetic or evolutionary trees and cladograms that demonstrate the same pattern

• traces the relatedness of organisms according to their evolutionary history

• all of the above are true

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

In a cladogram -

• the most ancient organisms, called the origin, are found at the very base of the tree diagram.

• the closer the branch point is to an organism, the more distantly related those organisms are

• neither A nor B are true

• both A and B are true

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What is the main aim of the study of systematics?

• to calculate how many organisms there are on Earth

• to understand the evolutionary relationship of biological organisms

• to create a naming system for biological organisms

• none of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What modern method of study can trace the evolutionary relatedness of organisms by comparing the nucleotide sequences on DNA?

• phylogeny

• molecular clocks

• cladograms

• classification

When using a cladistic approach to systematics, which of the following is considered most important for classification?

• shared derived characters

• shared primitive characters

• overall phenotypic similarity

• analogous primitive characters

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A branching diagram that represents the proposed phylogeny or evolutionary history of a species or group.

• kinship

• pedigree

• genogram

• cladogram

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which of the following best describes phylogeny?

• A) The study of the physical structure of organisms

• B) The evolutionary history and relationship among species

• C) The classification of organisms based on physical traits

• D) The genetic modification of organisms

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

In cladistics, what is a clade?

• A) A group of organisms that share a common ancestor

• B) A single species with no evolutionary relatives

• C) A classification based on physical appearance

• D) A genetic sequence unique to a species

Which tool is commonly used to construct a cladogram?

• A) Fossil records

• B) Genetic sequencing

• C) Physical measurements

• D) Behavioral studies