Evolutionary History Vocabulary Review

Evolution is

• a group of organisms of the same kind (in one or more populations) that do not reproduce with organisms from any other group

• the process of turning into a human

• the process by which species adapt to environmental changes over a very long time

• the process by which one population evolves into two or more different species

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A paleontologist is

• a scientist who studies weather

• a geologist

• a scientist who studies archaeology

• a scientist who studies fossils in order to understand the ancient history of life on Earth

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Speciation is

• the process by which one population evolves into two or more different species

• a group of organisms of the same kind (in one or more populations) that do not reproduce with organisms from any other group

• when something stays mostly the same over time

• the process by which the distribution of traits in a population changes over many generations

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Evolutionary time is

• the process by which species adapt to environmental changes over a very long time

• the very long time that spans the history of Earth, from the very first cellular life to the present

• having died out completely and no longer alive anywhere on Earth

• evidence of life from the past, such as fossilized bones, footprints, or leaf prints

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What best describes the hind leg bones seen in the whale?

• The bones are analogous structures to the fins of living fish.

• The bones are vestigial structures that had a function in an ancestor.

• The bones are homologous structures to the wings of butterflies.

• The bones are fossil structures from an extinct ancestor.

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According to this image, which two domains of life are most related?

• Bacteria & Archaea

• Archaea & Eukarya

• Eukarya & Bacteria

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A descendant species is

• an older population from which two or more newer species descended

• everything (living and nonliving) that surrounds an organism

• a related organism from a previous generation

• a more recent species that evolved from an ancestor population

An adaptive trait is

• a trait that is a harmful mutation

• a trait that makes it more likely that an individual will survive in a specific environment

• a trait that always shows up randomly and makes an organism stronger

• an adoption

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Which is the best description of evolution?

• When organisms change for no clear reason

• When organisms change into new organisms

• When organisms change over time to adapt to their environments

• When organisms don't change over time

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An ancestor is

• a related organism from a previous generation

• a part of an organism (for example, one or more bones)

• a more recent species that evolved from an ancestor population

• having died out completely and no longer alive anywhere on Earth