IB SEHS Option A

Which represents the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via the aerobic glycolysis system?

• PC + ADP → 1ATP + C

• glucose → pyruvate → 2 ATP + lactate + H+

• glucose → pyruvate + O2

  → acetylCoA → Krebs cycle → electron transport chain →

  38 ATP + H2

  O + CO2

  + heat

• ADP + P = ATP

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Which is one characteristic of non-essential amino acids?

• They are not required for essential bodily processes.

• They are required from a healthy diet.

• They can recycle nitrogen from a healthy diet.

• They can be synthesized by the human body.

Which process is represented by the breakdown of sugar in the absence of oxygen?

• Anaerobic anabolism

• Aerobic anabolism

• Anaerobic catabolism

• Aerobic catabolism

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Which represents the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

*Make sure to look at the picture.

• A

• B

• C

• D

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What is the definition of cell respiration?

• The controlled release of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from organic

  compounds in cells

• The controlled release of energy in the form of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) from organic

  compounds in cells

• The controlled release of energy in the form of glycogen from organic compounds in cells

• The controlled release of energy in the form of carbon dioxide from organic compounds

  in cells

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Which energy system is the predominant contributor of ATP for a runner participating in a marathon?

• ATP–PC system

• Anaerobic system

• Lactic acid system

• Aerobic system

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Which is a condensation reaction?

• Breaking of the bonds in glycogen and creation of a water molecule

• Addition of two glucose molecules and creation of a water molecule

• Breaking of the bonds in glycogen and absorption of a water molecule

• Addition of two glucose molecules and absorption of a water molecule

What is an anabolic reaction?

• When small molecules are combined into larger molecules

• When complex molecules are broken into smaller molecules

• When there is a net release of energy

• When no energy is used or released within the reaction

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The diagram shows the ultrastructure of a generalized animal cell. What is the main function of the organelle labelled X?

*Make sure to look at the picture.

• Protein synthesis

• Digestion of macromolecules

• Cellular respiration

• DNA storage

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Which energy system is primarily used during a 100-meter sprint?

• ATP-PC system

• Anaerobic glycolysis

• Aerobic system

• Lactic acid system

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