IB Biology Ecology

A system made up of organisms interacting with one another

• biology

• society

• ecosystem

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How does energy enter an ecosystem?

• sunlight

• soil

• animals

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The non-living parts of an ecosystem, such as water, sun, & oxygen are called 

• habitat

• abiotic factors

• biotic factors

• ecology

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Why are food chains, such as the one shown, limited to 4-5 organisms?

• There are not more organisms in the ecosystem

• Organisms must share resources

• Energy transfers are inefficient

• They are only limited when organisms are living on land.

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According to the food web shown, what would occur if there were a drastic decrease in the squirrel population?

• There would be fewer vultures

• There would be more nuts and seeds.

• There would be fewer vultures & there would be more nuts and seeds.

• There would be more grass.

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In a forest ecosystem, a food chain might look like this:
green plants → rabbit → fox → panther

If the green plants are destroyed in a forest fire, which short-term effect will this have on the organisms in this food chain?

• There would be fewer rabbits for the foxes to eat. 

• The panthers would have to begin to eat green plants.

• There would be an increase in the fox population

• There would be more green plants for the rabbits to eat

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The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?

• They point to the organism that is being eaten.

• It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.

• They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 

• They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.

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All of the production by photosynthetic organisms in a defined area over a specified time period is known as

• Gross Productivity

• Net Productivity

• Photosynthesis + Respiration

• Photosynthesis - Respiration

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The most important abiotic factors when studying biomes are...

• Food and Water

• Rain and Sunlight

• Temperature and Oxygen

• Precipitation and Temperature 

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__________ primary productivity is the total amount of energy that producers convert to chemical energy in organic molecules per unit of time.

• Net

• Total

• Gross

• Secondary

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