Which of the following traits do the salamander and the lizard share?

Jaws, Lungs, and Claws or nails

The phylogenetic tree was constructed using derived traits of organisms A, B, C, D, and E. Based on the tree, which two organisms share the most derived traits?

A and B because they share the most branch points.

C and D because they share one common branch.

C and D because they are closest to the end of the tree next to each other.

A and B because they are the pair closest to the center.

What is the best inference about biochemical relationships that could be made from this model?

The amino acid sequences of a lancelet and a tuna are less similar than that of a tuna and a salamander. This is due to the lancelet and the tuna splitting from a common ancestor longer ago.

The amino acid sequences of a lancelet and a tuna are more similar than that of a tuna and a salamander. This is due to the lancelet and the tuna both residing entirely in water while the salamander can survive on land.

The amino acid sequences of a salamander and a turtle are less similar than that of a turtle and a leopard. This is due to the turtle and the salamander both being adapted to life in water or land.

The amino acid sequences of a salamander and a turtle are more similar than that of a turtle and a leopard. This is due to the turtle and the salamander both being adapted to life in water or land.

Which trait (adaptation) was developed most recently?

They developed at the same time

In a cladogram, what does a branch point represent?

A common ancestor shared by the descendant groups.

The introduction of a new trait.

The divergence of a species into two.

Which of the following best describes phylogenetics?

The study of evolutionary relationships among biological entities.

The classification of organisms based on physical traits.

The study of genetic mutations over time.

The analysis of ecological interactions among species.

What is the primary purpose of a cladogram?

To illustrate evolutionary relationships.

To show geographical distribution of species.

To represent ecological niches.

How can molecular data be used in phylogenetics?

To determine evolutionary relationships by comparing DNA sequences.

To classify organisms based on physical characteristics.

To analyze the ecological roles of species.

To study the behavior of organisms in their environment.

Which of the following is a real-world application of phylogenetics?

Tracing the origin and spread of infectious diseases.

Developing new agricultural techniques.

Studying the impact of climate change on weather patterns.

What is a monophyletic group in a cladogram?

A group that includes an ancestor and all its descendants.

A group that includes species with similar ecological roles.

A group that includes organisms with similar physical traits.

A group that includes species from different evolutionary paths.

In phylogenetic trees, what does the length of a branch typically represent?

The number of species in the clade.

The ecological importance of the species.

Cladograms and Phylogenetics

Quiz

•

Science

•

10th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Hard

•

NGSS

MS-LS4-2, HS-LS4-1, HS-LS3-1

+6

Standards-aligned

Lisa Thompson

FREE Resource

25 questions

Show all answers

1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Each node on a cladogram represents...

the last point at which two groups shared a common ancestor.

the point at which one or more species became extinct.

the most recent point at which a trait was lost in a certain clade.

the point at which two clades joined and became monophyletic.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

2.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

On the cladogram, which organism is the closest relative of the parrot?

Frog

Hare

Caiman

Parrot

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Who is most closely related to Taxidea taxus?

Lutra lutra

Panthera pardus

Canis latrans

Canis lupus

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Which group of animals on this tree are most closely related to birds?

Saurischian dinosaurs

Ornithischian dinosaurs

Crocodiles

None of these are related to birds

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

5.

LABELLING QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A biologist sequences a gene shared by five different species. The percentage of sequence similarity for four different gene segments, A, B, C, and D, are shown in the table. Using the data in the table, move the species labels into the blank boxes of the cladogram to show the relationships among the species.

b

c

d

e

a

3

5

2

4

1

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

6.

LABELLING QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

A biologist sequences a gene shared by five different species. The percentage of sequence similarity for four different gene segments, A, B, C, and D, are shown in the table. Using the data in the table, move the species labels into the blank boxes of the cladogram to show the relationships among the species.

b

c

d

e

a

4

2

1

3

5

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Two organisms that are closely related would have

very similar DNA sequence

exactly the same DNA sequences

no proteins in common

completely different DNA sequence

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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Cladograms and Phylogenetics

25 questions

Each node on a cladogram represents...

On the cladogram, which organism is the closest relative of the parrot?

Who is most closely related to Taxidea taxus?

Which group of animals on this tree are most closely related to birds?

Two organisms that are closely related would have

According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the human?

Which organism is the most distantly related to all the others?

Which of the following traits do the salamander and the lizard share?

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