Earth and Space Review

Different relative positions of the sun, the moon, and Earth have different effects on Earth's oceans. Which model shows the positions of the sun, the moon, and Earth that have the greatest effect on ocean tides?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The diagram shows four phases of the moon as it revolves around Earth. A student builds a model based on this diagram. The student uses foam balls to represent the moon and Earth and a flashlight to represent the sun. The student should shine the flashlight on the model of Earth from Position -

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which of these locations on Earth experiences the least change in the number of daylight hours throughout the year?

• Equator

• North pole

• Tropic of Cancer

• Tropic of Capricorn

The model shows Earth in several positions relative to the sun. In which position is it winter in North America?

• Position 1, because North America receives the most direct sun

• Position 2, because North America is tilted toward the sun

• Position 3, because North America is parallel to the sun

• Position 4, because North America is tilted away from the sun

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

A student viewed the moon through binoculars one week after a new moon. Which image shows the phase of the moon that the student observed?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which statement about stars is correct?

• star formation begins in a nebula

• white dwarfs become main-sequence stars when they gain mass

• supergiants are stars that can absorb black holes

• main-sequence stars are formed by comets

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-1

NGSS.HS-ESS1-3

Most stars in the universe fit into one of the four areas on this Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Which area of the diagram represents the white dwarfs?

• Area M

• Area X

• Area P

• Area Z

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-3

In November 2013, an object orbiting the sun seemed to disappear behind the sun. When a satellite did not detect the object, astronomers thought that the object had been destroyed when it passed close to the sun. However, when another satellite detected a small, bright object with a fan-shaped tail, astronomers proposed that the object was not destroyed. What type of object were astronomers most likely observing?

• a comet

• an asteroid

• a meteor

• a nebula

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

With the use of the Hubble Space Telescope, scientists recently discovered a giant runaway star. It is 90 times larger than the sun and is very hot and blue-white in color. Why does the sun appear to be brighter than this runaway star when viewed from Earth?

• The sun is a different color than the runaway star.

• The sun is older than the runaway star.

• The sun is closer to the Earth than the runaway star.

• The sun is made of different elements than the runaway star.

In July 1994 the comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 collided with the planet Jupiter, as scientists had predicted. To be able to accurately predict when a comet will collide with a planet, it is essential to understand -

• the composition of a planet's atmosphere

• the gravitational attraction that exists between all bodies

• the attraction of opposite poles of a magnet to each other

• the formation of comets

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4