Thermal Energy Quiz Part 2

When two objects at different temperatures come into contact, what happens?

• Energy flows from warmer to cooler

• Nothing changes

• Energy flows from cooler to warmer

• Both objects lose energy

Answer explanation

When two objects at different temperatures touch, thermal energy transfers from the warmer object to the cooler one until thermal equilibrium is reached. Thus, energy flows from warmer to cooler.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which best describes kinetic energy at the particle level?

• The movement of particles

• The total mass of particles

• The color of particles

• The size of particles

Answer explanation

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy of motion. At the particle level, this refers to the movement of particles, which directly contributes to their kinetic energy. Thus, the correct choice is 'The movement of particles'.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

What happens to particles in a substance as temperature increases?

• They move more rapidly

• They become larger

• They move more slowly

• They disappear

Answer explanation

As temperature increases, particles in a substance gain energy and move more rapidly. This increased motion is due to the higher kinetic energy of the particles, making 'They move more rapidly' the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What is thermal equilibrium?

• When two objects reach the same temperature

• When an object is very hot

• When ice melts completely

• When water starts to boil

Answer explanation

Thermal equilibrium occurs when two objects reach the same temperature, meaning there is no net heat transfer between them. This is the correct choice, as it defines the state where thermal energy is balanced.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What determines the direction of heat transfer?

• The temperature difference

• The size of the objects

• The color of the objects

• The weight of the objects

Answer explanation

The direction of heat transfer is determined by the temperature difference between objects. Heat flows from the hotter object to the cooler one until thermal equilibrium is reached, making temperature the key factor.

What happens to the average kinetic energy of particles when heat is added?

• It increases

• It stays the same

• It decreases

• It disappears

Answer explanation

When heat is added to a substance, it increases the energy of its particles, leading to a rise in their average kinetic energy. Therefore, the correct answer is that the average kinetic energy of particles increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

What effects the temperature in a system?

• Both the amount and type of matter

• How hot or cold something is

• The amount of matter

• The type of matter

Answer explanation

Temperature in a system is influenced by both the amount and type of matter present. The amount affects how much thermal energy is stored, while the type determines how that energy is absorbed or released.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What happens to particles' motion as temperature decreases?

• It slows down

• It increases

• It stays the same

• It reverses direction

Answer explanation

As temperature decreases, the kinetic energy of particles reduces, causing their motion to slow down. Therefore, the correct answer is that particles' motion slows down.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

What happens when two objects reach thermal equilibrium?

• They have the same temperature

• They have different temperatures

• One object loses all its energy

• Both objects cool completely

Answer explanation

When two objects reach thermal equilibrium, they exchange energy until they have the same temperature. This means their thermal energy is balanced, and they no longer transfer heat to each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which statement about thermal energy is correct?

• It flows from hot to cold

• It only flows from cold to hot

• It can be created from nothing

• It only exists in solids

Answer explanation

Thermal energy always flows from hot to cold areas, seeking equilibrium. This is a fundamental principle of thermodynamics, making the statement 'It flows from hot to cold' the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3