Which is the best contemporary definition of a "scalawag"?

• a Northern abolitionist who supported the Freedmen's Bureau

• a Northerner who came to the South after the Civil War

• a white Southerner who supported Reconstruction

• a freedman entitled to vote

What was a positive long-term impact of Radical Reconstruction on the South?

• Women were given the right to vote.

• Confederate leaders never again held elected office

• Public education systems were established for students of all races.

• The South remained divided into five districts governed by martial law.

What was an important effect of the sharecropping system and debt peonage?

• Freedmen achieved social and political equality in the South.

• Freedmen played an important role in local and state government.

• Freedmen achieved economic independence from their former masters.

• Freedmen often remained in a state of economic dependence on their former masters.

Which phrase completes the diagram above?

• Discriminated against African Americans

• Required racial segregation in all public places

• Provided Americans of all races with equal rights under the law

• Denied African Americans freedom of movement and basic civil rights

Which two groups most helped the freedmen during the Reconstruction Era?

• Radical Republicans and carpetbaggers

• Northern Democrats and Ku Klux Klan members

• Southern Democrats and supporters of the Black Codes

• Confederate veterans and supporters of President Andrew Johnson

Which practices were introduced in Southern states after Reconstruction to circumvent this amendment?

• African-American freedmen increased their participation in government in the nation's first experiment in biracial democracy.

• Poll taxes, literacy tests, and residency requirements were passed, which affected African Americans more than other citizens.

• White and black children in Southern states were required to attend separate, racially segregated public schools, and to use separate playgrounds.

• "Jim Crow" laws imposed racial segregation in public places, including trains, restaurants, and hotels.

Which amendment guaranteed the "equal protection" of the laws to all American citizens?

• 1st Amendment

• 13th Amendment

• 14th Amendment

• 15th Amendment

What were the major causes of the Civil War? (List all that apply)

• Expanded Fugitive Slave Laws

• Slavery

• Westward Expansion

• Lincoln winning the election of 1860

• All of these

The Union war strategy included ​ (a)   .

• using the railroads to deliver supplies

• using a strategy of attrition

General Sherman defeated the south using this tactic:

• Total War

• Guerilla Warfare

• The Anaconda Plan

• Emancipation of Slaves