Exploration

Who established a successful fur trade in the Americas?

• The Spanish

• The French

• The Dutch

• The English

Where did the idea of democracy come from?

• Rome

• Athens

• Egypt

• Gaul

In 1540 the explorers sent 800,000 pesos worth of gold and silver to Spain. in 1620 they sent 5,800,000 pesos of gold and silver. How much more did they send in 1620?

• 4 million

• 4.8 million

• 5 million

• 5.8 million

This map shows the U.S. states and territories in 1830. Which region experienced the MOST immediate economic impacts as a result of construction of the Erie Canal? Shade the ONE correct circle that represents the location.

This excerpt is from a political address made by a politician in the 1800s. "The [wise], penniless beginner in the world, labors for wages awhile, saves a surplus with which to buy tools or land, for himself; then . . . hires another new beginner to help him. This, say its advocates, is . . . the just and generous, and prosperous system, which opens the way for all—gives hope to all, and energy, and progress, and improvement of condition to all. —Abraham Lincoln, September 30, 1859 Which economic principle does Lincoln describe in this address?

• The value of free enterprise to earn a profit

• The significance of scarcity in business

• The importance of equal pay for equal work

• The need for competition in the market

Which statement describes a reason for the development of the transatlantic slave trade?

• Colonial governments wanted to use enslaved labor to build needed canals.

• Plantation owners in southern colonial states were increasing profits by using enslaved labor.

• Many colonists relied on enslaved labor to do the difficult work on their ranches.

• Textile production in northern colonial factories was increasingly dependent on enslaved labor.

Which characteristics MAINLY describe either the era of European colonization or the era of westward expansion? Select the correct answers for each box.

• Construction of the railroad connected different regions.

• Settlers migrated to seek religious freedom.

• Principles of self-governance were established.

• Settlers sought individual wealth through minerals or ranching.

This excerpt is from a song written in 1875. Oh! times are tough, amazing rough, Expenses are alarming, I will go West, it’s far the best, Try my luck at farming. For the idea, of staying here To just earn your gruel, Makes me feel sad and sometimes mad ’Tis so awful cruel. —sheet music by J. P. Barrett, "I Will Go West!" Based on the excerpt and your knowledge of U.S. history, which aspect of American life during this time is indicated by this song?

• Unfair working conditions due to industrialization inspired artists to begin a protest movement.

• The nation’s economy shifted away from industrialization in order to focus on agriculture.

• Difficult conditions in industrial cities encouraged people to seek opportunities elsewhere.

• A dramatic increase in the inflation rate at this time raised the cost of living in industrial cities.

Based on the map and your knowledge of U.S. history, which outcomes resulted from the Compromise of 1850? Select TWO correct answers.

• California was admitted into the union as a free state.

• A parallel was designated as the boundary between free and slave states.

• Southern state legislators failed to get a new fugitive-slave law passed.

• New territories were given the power to decide the issue of slavery.

• The Florida territory was purchased from Spain and admitted as a free state.

This grievance is listed in a historical document presented to the British king. Imposing Taxes on us without our Consent: —Declaration of Independence How was this grievance addressed in the U.S. Constitution?

• Only states have the power to tax citizens.

• Only the courts can decide the legality of taxation.

• Only Congress can pass laws on taxation.

• Only the president can determine to tax citizens.